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GREEK PREPOSITIONS

GREEK PREPOSITIONS. Prepositions, Cases, Uses. Prepositions. Prepositions describe the relationship of a noun or substantive to another word or words in a sentence. Prepositions are most often found in a group of words known as prepositional phrases.

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GREEK PREPOSITIONS

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  1. GREEK PREPOSITIONS Prepositions, Cases, Uses

  2. Prepositions • Prepositions describe the relationship of a noun or substantive to another word or words in a sentence. • Prepositions are most often found in a group of words known as prepositional phrases. • A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and a noun (called object of the preposition). • The object of the preposition is a noun, such as "in your heart," "from the Lord," “for the remission,” “of your sins.” • The object may also be a group of words that functions as a noun. • Prepositions help define a more precise and explicit relationship of a noun to other words in the sentence.

  3. The genitive case of a noun • A noun in the genitive case may also carry the sense of "from" (without an actual preposition being used in Greek). The English translation shows such preposition although the equivalent of the preposition is absent in the Greek text. • If the writer wants to make clear that he means "out from" something, he will include the preposition that means "out from." The noun, the object of the preposition, is still in the genitive case. • Every Greek preposition requires that its object be in a specific (pre-defined) grammatical case. The preposition governs the particular case of the noun it is modifying.

  4. EIS as used in 1 Cor. 5:5 • "Hand this man over to Satan, so that the sinful nature may be destroyed and his spirit saved on the day of the Lord" (1Cor.5:5, NIV). The NIV footnotes "the sinful nature" as being literally translated "flesh", but is Paul commanding the death of this man who had the affair with this stepmother? Understanding prepositions may help us in this verse... The script reads: "To give such a one over to Satan εἰς the ruin of the flesh ἵνα the spirit might be saved in the day of the Lord." Eἰς can denote either result or purpose; ἵνα far more commonly denotes purpose. The view, then, is that redemption is the purpose of Paul's command while temporary ostracism is a result. If it were the other way around, the ostracism might be seen as punitive rather than remedial. Though this is not a solid view, the language is far more rich than some translations allow. We may sometimes miss the intended relationship between the words the author intended. • -Mounce's Basics of Biblical Greek p.54

  5. ana, up kata, down huper, over hupo, under epi, upon pros, towards en, in eis, into ek, out of dia, through apo, from para, alongside of These prepositions do not always have spatial meanings. anti means “against” kata often means “according to” hupo often means “by” dia often means “because of” huper often means “for, on behalf of” LIST OF PREPOSITIONSA Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament by Dana and Mantey, p. 113

  6. Prepositions illustratedFrom The Englishman’s GreekThe Middletown Bible Church349 East StreetMiddletown, CT 06457 • huper, above

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