Unit 3: Civil War and Reconstruction 1846 - 1877

1. Unit 3: Civil War and Reconstruction1846 - 1877 • Escalating differences between the North and South plunge the nation into Civil War, followed by the process of restoration.

2. Quick Review of Ch. 6 - 7 • Why did Southern states secede from the Union? • What advantage did the Union / Confederacy have going into the war? • What were some of the results of the war?

3. Chapter 8: The Reconstruction Era1865 - 1877 • In the years following the Civil War, Americans faced the difficult process of reuniting the United States and restoring the South.

4. Section 1Rival Plans for Reconstruction • Key Issues for Reconstruction • How will southern states rejoin the Union? • How will the southern economy be rebuilt? • What rights will African-Americans have?

5. Lincoln Sets a Moderate Course for Reconstruction • Lincoln felt some sympathy for the South • He wanted to make it easy for southern states to rejoin the Union • However, ‘Radical Republicans’ favored harsher punishment for southerners

6. Lincoln’s Death • Lincoln assassinated in April of 1865 by John Wilkes Booth. • VP Johnson tries to continue Lincoln’s lenient policies on the South, but Radical Republicans in Congress contest him. • Meanwhile, southerners try to restore the old ways, limiting the rights of African-Americans.

7. Section 2Reconstruction in the South • Republican Governments Bring Change • By 1870, all former Confederate States had met demands and officially rejoined the Union Southern states had to create new state constitutions that guaranteed the right to vote for African-American men.

8. Results of Reconstruction • Freed People Build New Communities • Many develop churches and schools, and look for work • Southern Economy Gets a Makeover • Many blacks and poor whites embrace sharecropping (working for a landowner) • Some opportunists from the North looked to make a profit in the rebuilding South (Many southerner resented them, nicknaming them ‘Carpetbaggers’ for their style of suitcases.) • Violence Undermines Reform Efforts • Economic uncertainty fueled the fire of anger against freed African-Americans

9. Section 3The End of Reconstruction • The Compromise of 1877 • Republican Hayes Elected President • Federal Troops Leave the South • A Southerner Is Given a Powerful Cabinet Position • Federal Subsidies to Help the South Build Railroads and Improve Ports

10. Successes and Failures of Reconstruction

11. Quick Review of Ch. 8 The Reconstruction Era • What were the main goals of ‘Reconstruction’? • How do you imagine ‘Reconstruction’ might have been different had Lincoln not died? • In what ways did Reconstruction succeed / fail?