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Colony to Country

Colony to Country. Unit 2: Relationships with Government and Leadership. Reciprocity Mercantilism Annexation Responsible Government. Key Terms. Key Terms. An economic partnership where both parties benefit Permission for goods to travel freely across borders Relationship :

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Colony to Country

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  1. Colony to Country Unit 2: Relationships with Government and Leadership

  2. Reciprocity • Mercantilism • Annexation • Responsible Government Key Terms

  3. Key Terms

  4. An economic partnership where both parties benefit • Permission for goods to travel freely across borders • Relationship: • Reciprocity (free trade) desired with US to make up for losses with new British trading laws • American manufacturers opposed, were persuaded by NL fish, NS coal, NB timber, Cdn flour. Key Terms: Reciprocity

  5. Role of Colony: provide wealth (resources, serve as a market) • Role of Mother Country: process goods, administrate, provide initial and ongoing capital investments. • Relationship • Created power/trade imbalance • Example: Corn Laws and the repealing of them (pg 73) Key Terms: Mercantilism

  6. To be joined to or added to another state (country) • Related to manifest destiny • Strongest movement was after the end of mercantilism. • Most Canadians were opposed to annexation. • Relationship: • Falls into British dealings with Canada (Quebec Act, Act of Union) • Canada/US Relationship Key Terms: Annexation

  7. Powers of Governor General are limited • Executive council comes from the elected assembly • Executive council is accountable to the elected assembly • Relationship: • British: the battle between Canadas and Britain • US: influenced the desire for responsible government • Canadas: achieved at different times, for different peoples. Key Terms: Responsible Government

  8. Joseph Howe • Twice led non confidence votes against Governors • Appointed to Executive Council • Forced withdrawal of 3 governors • 1847 Election- Reformer Victory • 1848- NS • 1849- NB • 1851- PEI • 1855- NL Responsible Government: Maritimes

  9. Baron Syndenham • First governor of United Canadas • Two tasks • Bring economic prosperity. • Success! • Prevent introduction of responsible government. • Forced to end practice of lifetime appointments to Executive Council. • Divided Clergy Reserves amongst all Churches. • Clergy Reserve Revenues used to fund schools. • District Council Act 1841. LA Support Responsible Government: Canadas

  10. Election 1844 • Tories win a majority. • Metcalfe (GG) appoints Tories to Executive Council • Election 1848 • Refomers win large majority. • Metcalfe has resigned, GG is now Elgin (Durham’s son in law), Secretary is now Grey (Durham’s brother in law). • Elgin calls upon Baldwin and LaFontaine to form Executive Council. They select from their Assembly. • Test #1 • 1849 Rebellion Losses Bill • Elgin did not favour passage; signs it. • Test #2 • 1859 tariffs (20%) on imported goods to raise money for public works. • British merchants upset, British government threatens to dissallow, but eventually backs down. Responsible Government: Canadas

  11. If it’s not one thing…

  12. Double Majority leading to Deadlock… • …Both English AND French • …Both Canada West AND Canada East …it’s another.

  13. … and, another. Chaos in the Parties…

  14. … and, another. • Overarching problem: Lack of stable government (double majority, chaos). Clear Grits Canada West George Brown Parti Rouge Canada East Antoine-AimeDorion Reformers Liberals Canada West Francis Hinks Conservative Party Canada West (John A Macdonald, Alan McNab) Bleus Canada East Geroge-Etienne Cartier Moderate Expansion of industry and commerce

  15. … and, another. • Overarching problem: Lack of stable government (double majority, chaos). • Coping Mechanisms: Coalition Governments

  16. … and, another. • Overarching problem: Lack of stable government. • Solution? The Great Coalition. Galt Clear Grits Canada West George Brown Parti Rouge Canada East Antoine-AimeDorion Reformers Liberals Canada West Francis Hinks Conservative Party Canada West (John A Macdonald, Alan McNab) Bleus Canada East Geroge-Etienne Cartier Moderate Expansion of industry and commerce See pg 84

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