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Chapter 5 Lesson 3

Chapter 5 Lesson 3. Egypt’s Empire. Middle Kingdom When 2055 B.C. to 1650 B.C. Achievements Conquered new territories Increased crop production More irrigation dams and channels Constructed a canal between the Nile River and the Red Sea. Art Tomb paintings

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Chapter 5 Lesson 3

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  1. Chapter 5 Lesson 3 Egypt’s Empire

  2. Middle Kingdom • When • 2055 B.C. to 1650 B.C. • Achievements • Conquered new territories • Increased crop production • More irrigation dams and channels • Constructed a canal between the Nile River and the Red Sea

  3. Art • Tomb paintings • Illustrated stories about the deities, as well as scenes from everyday life • Sculptors • Carved hunting, fishing, and battle scenes • Tombs • No more pyramids • Cut into limestone cliffs (The Valley of the Kings)

  4. Fall of the Middle Kingdom • Hyksos • Powerful warriors • Had chariots and weapons made of bronze and iron • Ruled for more than 100 years until around 1550 B.C. Ahmose formed an army and drove them out

  5. New Kingdom • When • 1550 B.C. to 1070 B.C. • Political Leaders • Hatshepsut • Made herself pharaoh (1473 B.C.) • She had to prove she was a strong leader • Promoted trade • Thutmose III • Became pharaoh after Hatshepsut • Strong leader and general • Egypt became wealthy and slavery became more common

  6. Amenhotep IV • 1370 B.C. • Tried to change Egypt’s religion • Changed his name to Akhenaton “Spirit of Aton” • Moved capital to a new city called Akhetaton • Tutankhamen • Son-in-law of Akhentaton • Became pharaoh at 10 years old • Restored the worship of deities • Died after only 9 years of his rein

  7. Ramses II • 1279 B.C. to 1213 B.C. • Conquered Canaan and moved north to Syria • Built temples during his time • Political ties • Between Egypt and nearby kingdoms • Exchanged envoys • Representatives • First time a group of nations tried working together to reach common goals

  8. Economics • Trade with Arabia and East Africa • Egypt exchanged beads, metal tools, and weapons for gold, ivory, ebony wood and incense • Trade with Phoenicians • Egypt needed wood • Spread the alphabet and writing system • Egypt traded wheat, paper, gold, copper, tin and tools for purple dye, wood and furniture • Temples • Priests hired people to work in temple workshops and granaries • Served as banks

  9. Religion • Amenhotep (Akhenaton) introduced the worship of Aton, the sun god, as Egypt’s only god • Felt the priest had grown too powerful and wealthy • Temples • Used for special occasions • Seen as the homes of the deities • Priests and priestesses performed daily rituals, washed the statues of the deities and brought them food

  10. Fall of the New Kingdom • Declined after Ramses II • By 1150 B.C., the Egyptian empire controlled only the Nile Delta • 900s B.C. Libyans conquered Egypt • Kush took over next • 670 B.C. Egypt was taken over by the Assyrians

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