Efficient Parking Lot Design Guidelines | IENG 471 Facilities Planning

1. IENG 471 - Lecture 09 Personnel Planning - Parking IENG 471 Facilities Planning

2. Assignments • Current Assignment: • HW 5: Team Assignment, 2 people per team, turn in 1 HW set per team. • b.) assume separate restrooms, industrial facility (non-foundry) and assume they want minimal space increase • Next Assignment: • Prep for Exam II Parking Lot Problem, 2 people per team – see last slide for today • Measuring tools are in the MIL Lab (IER 310) on the South blue pegboard • Return the tools ASAP • Layout the parking lot according to the handout heuristic • Show your work (for your OWN benefit) • Put this on EP paper for your use on the second exam and keep it in your engineering notebook. • Exam dimensions and design constraints may be similar, but different. • Good idea to clearly document what you did, so you can adapt your model for the exam quickly. IENG 471 Facilities Planning

3. Parking Lot Design • Goals vary depending on Facility purpose • Examples: • Airport • Regional Hospital • Home Improvement Store • Supermarket (no drive up) • Manufacturing Plant • College Campus (commuter school) • College Campus (pedestrian mall) • Military Base IENG 471 Facilities Planning

4. Parking Lot Design • General Rules of Thumb: • Local zoning regulations tend to be more restrictive, and supersede most guidelines (they may also be negotiated) • OSHA / other standards may (indirectly) impact lot design • 500 feet is usually the maximum walking distance for regular patron access to the facility • 2% to 5% of capacity are Handicapped accessible spaces • 33% of spaces are allocated to compact cars • Increased area for parking decreases time for parking & de-parking (increases parking spot turns) • Angular configurations increase parking spot turns • Perpendicular parking often increases lot space utilization • Required aisle space increases with the parking angle • Vehicle sizes change over time IENG 471 Facilities Planning

5. Parking Lot Design • Steps of Lot Design Heuristic: • Determine the number of vehicles to be parked • Determine the space required for each vehicle type • Determine the available space for parking • Generate alternative parking layouts for alternative parking patterns (lots may have alternative uses) • Select the best layout to maximize space utilization and regular patron convenience IENG 471 Facilities Planning

6. Using the Parking Design Tables • Recommendations for Stall Widths • (Table 4.1 from Parking Lot Design Handout link on Materials Page) • Small car use: 7.5 to 8 feet • All-day parker: 8 to 8.5 feet • Standard car: 8.5 to 9 feet • Luxury/elderly: 9 to 10 feet • Supermarket: 10 to 11 feet • (also campers) • Handicapped: 11.8 to 12.2 feet IENG 471 Facilities Planning

7. SD PW SW θ Using the Parking Design Tables • Parking Module Widths • (See top of Parking Lot Design handout from Materials Page) • Three Module Groups(relates stall width, module width, parking angle) • G1: Small Cars • G2: Standard Cars • G3: Large Cars • Four Module Types(gives width of module, including aisle) • W1: Single Loaded, Wall-to-Wall • W2: Double Loaded, Wall-to-Wall • W3: Double Loaded, Wall-to-Centerline • W4: Double Loaded, Centerline-to-Centerline • Parking Width (PW) is based on Parking Angle (θ) and Stall Width (SW): • Used to find the required lot depth IENG 471 Facilities Planning

8. Maximized Utilization Heuristic Steps • Align Module Width to Lot Width • Layout using largest parking angle possible, preferring W4 modules to maximize space utilized per module • Layout remaining space with largest W module that can be accommodated, and then use largest parking angle possible • Reduce space in least efficient module to accommodate handicap or special case allocations, if allowable • Reduce spaces available at aisle ends for required cross-aisles and lot entrances / exits • Use Parking Width and remaining module lengths to compute the total number of vehicles accommodated • Align Module Width to other lot dimensions and repeat (best orientation might be neither perpendicular nor parallel) • Select the “best” of the layout options IENG 471 Facilities Planning

9. Questions & Issues • Exam II Parking Lot Design Problem(prepare ahead for exam!): • Measure the IER parking lot AND the gravel area to the East for: • Location of utilities, side walks, building entrances & walls – considering them to be Monuments • Monuments are things that cannot be removed or relocated – like pillars • Dimensions to the nearest foot (rounding down) • Assume curb cuts, sign posts & foliage can be moved • Assume the width of the level part of the curb cut is the same as the width of a cross aisle (if any cross aisles are needed) • Using the Parking Lot Design handout, design the most efficient lot possible if the strategy for the lot is to allow quick turnover, and: • 90o parking must use the stall width midpoints, others can use smallest stall widths • 2% of the stalls are handicapped accessible (use largest stall width) • 10% of the stalls are for compact vehicles • 10% of the stalls are for large vehicles • Bumpers can overhang the sidewalks to the South and East, but not the West • Bumpers cannot encroach on the alley, or the garbage truck will hit them! IENG 471 Facilities Planning