Empires in 1500: Ottoman, Mughal, China & Japan

1. Empires in 1500: Ottoman, Mughal, China & Japan BELL RINGER: Read the article about the start of the Ottoman Empire and complete the questions using the map.

2. Today in class… We will… • Take an open note quiz on the major world religions. • Learn about the major empires in Asia at the start of 1500: Ottoman, Mughal, China, and Japan. You will be able to… Social Studies Language • Define Foreign Enclave, Isolationism, Shogun. • Take notes on each of the Asian empires of 1500. • Write facts for each empire on a foldable. • Locate and describe the major empires of: • Ottoman Turks • Mughals • China • Japan NEXT TIME/SOON: OMCJ Take Home Quiz for HW grade

3. The Ottoman Empire

4. Start of the Ottoman Empire Founded in 1300 in Anatolia or Asia Minor (modern day Turkey) Ghazis (warriors of Islam) gradually took over territory

5. The Ottoman Empire Expanded Balkan Peninsula North Africa Middle East • Islamunited the empire.

6. Osman • The most successful ghazi was Osman in 1299 • He built a kingdom in Anatolia • Osman expanded his state in three ways: • Buying land • Forming alliances • Conquering everyone else

7. Mehmet II “The Conqueror” Mehmet II conquered Constantinople in 1453 Last part of the Byzantine Empire At the time Constantinople’s population had shrunk from 1 million to 50,000 people Why would the Ottomans be interested in Constantinople?

8. The Bosporus Strait

10. Istanbul • Constantinople was renamed as Istanbul • Capital of the Ottoman Empire • Mehmet II opened the city to Jews, Christians & Muslims

11. Mecca and Medina ~ 1514 2 holiest cities in Islam Located in Saudi Arabia Further strengthened the Empire What have you learned about that happens in Mecca?

12. Suleiman the Magnificent • With such a large empire Suleiman needed an effective government and social organization • He was devoted to domestic affairs • Many cultural and social achievements • Education • Art • Building

13. End of the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire crumbled slowly and was finally dissolved after World War I.

14. The Mughal Empire

15. India - Taj Mahal - Travel - Jim Rogers World Adventure - YouTube

16. Start/End of the Mughal Empire • ~1500 • Invaded by Babur from the north • Last powerful descendant of the Mongols • Lasted until mid- 1700s

17. Religion The Mughals spreadIslam to India. "Qur’an shirt" from Mughal India. Such shirts were worn under armor and were though to protect the wearer from harm. Located in the Tareq Rajab Museum, Kuwait.

18. Known for Architecture

19. Successful Traders Trade with Europeans England Portugal Netherlands Set up trading outposts Textiles Indian cotton influenced the British textile industry

20. China

22. Control of Foreign Influence & Trade Europeans wanted Chinese goods Silk Tea Porcelain Paper China wanted to trade BUT they also wanted to limit the influence of Europeans on their culture Set up 3 government controlled ports called Foreign Enclaves

23. Foreign Enclaves = Ports in China that were controlled by the government to limit trade with foreigners Vocabulary

24. The Result China became isolated in the 1500’s Europeans still wanted the Chinese goods, which led to: Smuggling High prices

25. Japan

26. Government Structure Emperor Emperor Shogun Daimyo - large land owners Samurai Artisans Peasants Merchants

27. Vocabulary Shogun = Powerful Japanese military leader

28. 1543 – Portuguese Sailors Reach Japan At first, they were welcomed by the Japanese Traded clocks, glass, tobacco, muskets

29. 1549 – Christian Missionaries Arrive They converted 300,000 Japanese The Shogun was upset because the missionaries disrespected Japanese traditions “Jesuits in Japan”

30. The Result 1612 – The Shogun banned Christianity 1693 – Japan “closed the door” for the next 200 years!

31. Vocabulary Isolationism= Belief in having no contact or trade with foreigners

32. Closing • OMCJ: Take Home Quiz • Complete the take home quiz using your class notes. • This is individual work – do not copy – you have ALL the answers in your notes! • Turn this quiz in at the beginning of the next block for a HW grade. • Late quizzes will not be accepted!