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A more gender aware CAS: Tunisia FY05-08 CAS. Cecile Fruman September 21, 2005. Country Context. One of most progressive MENA countries in terms of gender equality.
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A more gender aware CAS: Tunisia FY05-08 CAS Cecile Fruman September 21, 2005
Country Context • One of most progressive MENA countries in terms of gender equality. • Personal Status Code, which laid the foundations for a new organization of the family, based on legal equality of men and women was adopted in 1956. • Substantial improvements in social indicators and participation of women. MDG 3 (eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education) close to being achieved.
Yet, many issues remain • Female labor force participation rate (40%) remains below expectations for a country with Tunisia’s income level ($2,600 GNI per capita). • Infrastructure that would support women’s participation in the public sphere is insufficient (child care, etc). • Traditional gender paradigms remain strong.
CAS Process • Realization during CAS consultations that “things are not as rosy as they seem”. • Initially, client was defensive in acknowledging constraints. Over time became more receptive to adopting a “gender aware” approach. • CD hugely supportive. • Good support in gender regional PREM group. • CAS TTL a woman.
CAS Characteristics • Vision: • Understands the country’s own approach to gender issues. • Links gender issues to the MDGs. • Diagnosis: • Strong analytical work but some important knowledge gaps. • Addresses gender across sectors and CAS strategic objectives.
CAS Characteristics (2) • Program: • Identifies gender-responsive actions : ICA, rural sector-wide review with attention to gender issues, etc. • Proposes outreach activities to civil society, with emphasis on women’s organizations. • Results: • Addresses gender issues in the results matrix although not as many gender specific indicators as desirable.
What’s different with RBCAS • Forces team to think about beneficiaries, and therefore different groups such as women • Underlying question when thinking about outcomes is: what will change? For whom? Who will benefit or, possibly, lose? • Pushes the thinking on: • Cross-sectoral approaches and gender as an integral part of these • Gender aware indicators (what gets measured gets managed)
Constraints • Selectivity requires trade-offs: • In the expected outcomes and performance indicators • In the types of activities that can be implemented • Space Constraint: • Short and to the point CAS vs all-encompassing • Implementation: • Difficult to sustain momentum generated during CAS process – everyone reverts back to old habits. • Client not receptive to gender specific work – politically charged.
Message of Hope • Increased gender awareness in the Bank and among clients generally greater receptiveness to addressing gender in CAS. • Drive for results is an opportunity. • Find the champions and work with them. • Keep the pressure up during implementation.