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Kingdom Plantae

Kingdom Plantae. Chapters 23-26. Plants. Domain: Kingdom: Cell type: Energy Source: Cell Structure: Unicellular or Multicellular:. What plants need to survive:. Minerals, gas exchange, and movement of materials. Plants evolved from algae.

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Kingdom Plantae

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  1. Kingdom Plantae Chapters 23-26

  2. Plants Domain: Kingdom: Cell type: Energy Source: Cell Structure: Unicellular or Multicellular:

  3. What plants need to survive: • Minerals, gas exchange, and movement of materials

  4. Plants evolved from algae • Plants most likely evolved from multicellular green algae which is a __________ • They had to evolve structures to acquire, transport, and conserve water when they moved onto land

  5. Floweringplants Cone-bearingplants Ferns andtheir relatives Flowers; SeedsEnclosed in Fruit Mosses andtheir relatives Seeds Water-Conducting(Vascular) Tissue Green algaeancestor Evolution of Plants

  6. Diversity of Plants Cone-bearing plants760 species Ferns andtheir relatives11,000 species Floweringplants235,000 species Mosses andtheir relatives15,600 species

  7. ___________ = 1st land plants • Refer to handout • Small in size • Grow in mats in very moist places • No tubes to conduct water (vascular tissue) • Moisture moves sperm to the egg for fertilization • Examples: mosses, liverworts, hornworts

  8. Vascular Tissue Specialized to transport water, minerals, and nutrients – two types • Xylem – transport water and minerals UP from the ROOTS to the other parts of them plant • Phloem – conducts sugars DOWN from the LEAVES and STEMS

  9. _________ = 1st vascular plants • Refer to handout • Ferns could grow larger than mosses because they had vascular tissue • 1st to develop true roots, stems, and leaves • Developed waxy cuticle to prevent water loss • Reproductive cells called spores • Need water to transport sperm to egg • Examples: ferns, horsetails

  10. Leaf – structure that carries out most of Photosynthesis • Stomata – openings in the cuticle controlled by guard cells that allow gas exchange

  11. Roots - absorbs water and minerals from soil, transports them to stem, anchors plant into ground • Tap root • Roots are all • same size • Fibrous root • One large • central root

  12. Stem - structural support • Herbaceous - flexible, soft, usually green • Woody - stiff, not green, contains layers

  13. __________ = 1st seeded plants • Refer to handout • Seed is a plant embryo with a protective coat • Postpone development until conditions are good • Disperse embryo far away from parent • Vascular tissue, roots, stems, leaves • 1st to produce pollen (sperm) moved by wind • Needle-like with thick cuticle (Evergreen) • “naked seed” • Examples: Ginkgo, Conifers

  14. Pollen contains the male gamete (sperm) • pollination – pollen grain is carried to egg

  15. Germination - early growth stage of plant embryo Seed coat embryo Food supply

  16. _________ - 1st flowering plants • Refer to handout • Have vascular tissue, roots, stems, and leaves • Flower: reproductive structure that promotes pollination – attracts pollinators to move sperm to the egg • Develops fruit which covers the seed to be dispersed by animals • Examples: flowers • Two types of Angiosperms: • Monocots and Dicots

  17. Flower Parts male flower part-Stamen Carpel-female flowerpart stigma style Anther Filament Petal ovary Pg. 612 ovule Sepals-modified leaves

  18. Plant Adaptations • Chemical • Foul odor, bitter taste, toxic • Physical • Desert plants • Spines • Carnivorous plants • Aquatic plants

  19. Plants as Food Fruits and Vegetables Fruit-any part that contains seeds Vegetable- part that does NOT contain seeds Root Crops- ex: potatoes, carrots, beets Legumes- members of the pea family

  20. Nonfood Uses Wood Medicines (see table 2 on page 521) Fibers

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