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Physical Activity Policy Interventions: The Big Opportunities In Our Cities

Physical Activity Policy Interventions: The Big Opportunities In Our Cities. Enrique Jacoby PAHO/WHO. LEADING RISK FACTORS FOR GLOBAL MORTALITY. High blood pressure 13% Tobacco use 9% High blood glucose 6% Physical inactivity 6% Overweight & obesity 5%.

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Physical Activity Policy Interventions: The Big Opportunities In Our Cities

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  1. Physical Activity Policy Interventions: The Big Opportunities In Our Cities Enrique Jacoby PAHO/WHO

  2. LEADING RISK FACTORS FOR GLOBAL MORTALITY • High blood pressure 13% • Tobacco use 9% • High blood glucose 6% • Physical inactivity 6% • Overweight & obesity 5%

  3. LEADING RISK FACTORS FOR GLOBAL MORTALITY • High blood pressure 13% • Tobacco use 9% • High blood glucose 6% • Physical inactivity 6% • Overweight & obesity 5%

  4. RECREATION WORK DOMESTIC TRANSPORT

  5. RECREATION WORK DOMESTIC TRANSPORT

  6. Adults 18-64 should do at least 150’ of moderate-intensity aerobic p.a. throughout the weekORat least 75’ of vigorous-intensity a.p.a. throughout the week WHO, Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, 2010

  7. 1999

  8. Exercise is good for your health

  9. Exercise is good for your health Overweight Physically Active Adults

  10. ParticipationAdherence

  11. Education and Communication approaches • School and Workplace interventions/policies • WHO, Interventions on diet and physical activity: What Works, 2009 • Urban policies: Transport & Land Use and Recreation

  12. LAND USE POLICIES: PROXIMITY & CONNECTIVITY 1 2 Health TRANSPORT OPTIONS

  13. Health Impact • Walk / Bike to work 3-7 Km per day (3-5 d/wk) • Improve CR fitness (Hendriksen, 2000; P. Oja, Vuori I, et.al. 1998) • Weight Control (Vuori I, 94; Boyd, 98; Bell et.al, 02; Wen&Rissel, 08) • ↓ CVD risk (SR: Cavill&Davis, 2007; Meta-A N=18: Hamer & Chida, 2008) Enrique Jacoby, OPS

  14. In 8-year: + 2.1 Kg

  15. Mortality Walk / bike to work 7-10 Km per day • 40% reduction in mortality (Anderson et. al., 2000) • 40% reduction in mortality DBT and CV(Matthews, 2007) • All-cause mortality (n=18): (Meta-A N=18 Hamer and Chida, 2008) Enrique Jacoby, OPS

  16. LAND USE POLICIES: PROXIMITY & CONNECTIVITY 2 Health TRANSPORT OPTIONS

  17. Where do you live?

  18. Active Transportation and Obesity Rates (Basset y col, 2008) Enrique Jacoby, OPS

  19. Transportation options and urban development: Cuasi-exp Portland, Oregon Ohland 2006

  20. Hosking J et.al WHO Report, unpublished

  21. 55% of Bogotanos are physically active LF Gomez y col., 2004

  22. 37% 55% of Bogotanos are physically active LF Gomez y col., 2004

  23. 15% 3% 37% 55% of Bogotanos are physically active LF Gomez y col., 2004

  24. +120 km TransMilenio 2.5 to 4.12 m2 Green Areas m2 Enrique Jacoby, OPS +200 km of bikepaths 100 km de Ciclovia

  25. A TransMilenio user, compared to a non user, is 70% more likely to be “physically active” 3 Bogota

  26. LAND USE POLICIES: PROXIMITY & CONNECTIVITY 2 Health TRANSPORT OPTIONS: MOBILITY

  27. COMPACT DEVELOPMENT 2 Health MASS PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

  28. Spillover benefits

  29. Spill over

  30. Liters of gas per person / year IV Congreso de Transporte Sustentable Ciudad de Mexico, 27-29 octubre 2008 3000 50 900 Enrique Jacoby, OPS

  31. Road deaths and mass public transport use Deaths /100,000 Annual miles in mass transportation

  32. Physical activity and health • Pollution reduction • Road safety • Mental health • Affordability • Mobility

  33. Annual miles per capita T Litman, Evaluating public transportation health benefits, June 2010

  34. Annual health benefits when 1-m residents move TOD T Litman, Evaluating public transportation health benefits, June 2010

  35. Ciclovias

  36. Bogota Enrique Jacoby, OPS

  37. Guadalajara

  38. Mexico City

  39. 41% of Ciclovia’s participants in Bogota participate 3 hours: Cycling (49%), running or walking (36%) and roller-skeating (38%) If Cicloviawere not in operation 60% would pursue sedentary activities

  40. Average cost per user per year (USD) of different physical activity programs Montes F et.al. Cost-benefit of Ciclovias, unpublished

  41. Cost-Benefit ratio of Bogotá’s Ciclovía for every Dollar invested: 5-year simulation using different values for the Direct Health Benefit Montes F et.al. Cost-benefit of Ciclovias, unpublished

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