Catalyst part 1

1. Catalyst part 1 On a sticky note write: How can the STERNGRR acronym be used to explain your lima bean experiment’s results? • On the back put your vote for a class pet! • Put your sticky note in the Parking Lot.

2. Quiz tomorrow on Scientific Method and STERNGRR Know the following: -The cycle of the scientific method. (observe, assume, validate, conclude) and how each step correlates with those terms (ie: hypothesis is the assumption, procedure is the validation) - How to identify dependent and independent variables - What the acronym STERNGRR stands for and a brief explanation of each - How to classify something as biotic or abiotic • Including the qualifications and characteristics (STERGRR plus cells/tissues/etc)

3. Catalyst part 2 Answer in your composition or spiral note-book. You have 2 minutes. What does it mean to be in balance? Why is it important to maintain balance? Give an example of something in your body that must remain balanced?

4. Homeostasis {or maintaining the balance} http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTCDGzF7s54

5. Homeostasis literally means SAME STATE • Homeostasis refers to the body’s constant struggle to keep all of the internal functions balanced • The endocrine (hormone) and nervous systems are continually working to keep the body’s environment steady

9. Breathing Lab Determine the breathing rate of your Partner • Count for 15 seconds: _____* 4 = breaths per minute • Would you expect the rate to increase or decrease after exercise? Why or why not?

10. Breathing Lab Have your partner do jumping jacks for 1 minute • Re-measure their breathing rate. • Count for 15 seconds: _____* 4 = breaths per minute • Would you expect the rate to increase or decrease after sitting for 3 minutes? Why or why not?

11. Breathing Lab Re-measure their breathing rate after sitting for 3 minutes • Count for 15 seconds: _____* 4 = breaths per minute

12. The Cell Membrane and Homeostasis Homeostasis: refers to the body’s constant struggle to keep all of the internal functions balanced MUST maintain concentrations of: - Water - Wastes - Glucose - Salts • Nutrients MUST maintain constant: • Temperature • pH - Glucose levels - Water balance

13. Cell membrane: regulates what entersand leavesthe cell and maintains homeostasis Phospholipid bilayer: two layers of lipidsthat make a flexible barrier - Like “Red Rover”

14. selective-permeability: only some things can cross the membrane

15. Fluid Mosaic Structure Allows molecules to move around easilyin the lipid bilayer. Carbohydrates and proteins are embedded in the bilayer

16. Particles move in response to a concentration gradient:

17. Two categories of transport: Passive and Active Passive Transport: a substance can move across the membrane withthe concentration gradient without using energy/ATP Active transport: Particles move from an area of low concentration to high concentration using Energy/ATP

18. Passive Transport

19. Can be a protein channel (the particles just move through) or a carrier protein (changes shape to allow particles to fit through) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YYdFixaYX3g&feature=endscreen Facilitated diffusion (Facilitated= help/assist): Diffusion of particles with the help of a carrier protein or protein channel. Moves from high to low concentration.

20. Passive transport results in equilibrium when the gradient is balanced. Movement still continues but there is no net change in concentration. Osmosis: The diffusion of water from high to low concentration

21. Practice! 1. Which direction will the water move? __________________ What type of transport? _______________

22. 2. Which way will the glucose molecules move across the membrane? Draw an arrow to show the movement. What type of transport is this? ___________________

23. 3. Which of the following represents dynamic equilibrium? A. Water was 80% inside the cell and 80% outside the cell B. Protein was 30% inside the cell and 35% outside the cell C. Water was 85% inside the cell and 80% outside the cell

24. 4. Fill out the chart to compare and contrast the types of PASSIVE TRANSPORT. Put an X in the box if the statement is true.

25. Catalyst What is homeostasis? What are the three types of passive transport? What is the difference between active and passive transport?

26. Quick Review Any questions before the quiz?

27. Quiz • Complete your quiz silently. • When you have completed your test silently finish your worksheet from yesterday. • If you have finished that review your notes from yesterday.

28. Catalyst What type of transportation moves particles from a high to low concentration? What type of transportation moves water from a high to low concentration? Why do the particles or water molecules move from a higher to a lower concentration?

29. Active Transport Active transport: Particles move from an area of low concentration to high concentration using Energy/ATP

30. Active Transport: a substance can move across the membrane, AGAINST the concentration gradient with the help of ATP • LOW to HIGH concentration • Needs a PROTEIN CARRIER“pump” • Needs ATP (energy)

32. How is Passive Transport used in response to the environment? Hypotonic: -hypo = less than usual - A hypotonic solution is one with a lower concentration of solutes than the cell, and a higher concentration of water.

33. How is Passive Transport used in response to the environment? Hypertonic: -hyper = more than usual - A hypertonic solution is one with a higher concentration of solutes and a lower concentration of water than the cell.

34. Let’s let somebody else explain it! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_slUL3kMZlU&feature=related

35. Hypotonic Solution Only the water can move, what happens to the water level as it tries to reach homeostasis?

36. Hypertonic Solution Only the water can move, what happens to the water level as it tries to reach homeostasis?

37. How does this affect cells? In animal cells… In plant cells…

38. Practice! What type of transport will move the H+ ions from low to high? 2. Freshwater protozoans, such as Paramecia, must constantly pump water out to keep from bursting. What does this tell you about the concentration of particles inside a Paramecium compared to the concentration of particles of its environment?

39. 3. Fill in the table below to compare and contrast PASSIVE and ACTIVE transport. Place an X in the boxes that apply.

40. Movement across membranes can be Can be which requires which requires and a The three types are… In order to move particles from a region of They move particles from a region of to a region of to a region of Which results in

41. Egg Demo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SSS3EtKAzYc Purpose: To investigate the effect of different solutions on an egg cell Question: Do egg cells gain or lose mass when an egg is placed in water and maple syrup?

42. Hypothesis: • If an egg with the shell removed is placed in water, then it will _________________________________ ______________________________________ because ______________________________________. • If an egg with the shell removed is placed in maple syrup, then it will ____________________________ • ______________________________________ because ______________________________________.

43. Results/Data

44. Questions for Analysis: • 1) Were your hypotheses correct? Explain in 2-3 complete sentences: • 2) Draw a picture of what happened in both trials. Be sure to indicate WHAT moved WHERE! • Water • Corn Syrup • 3) What do you think would happen to the egg if it was placed in very salty water? Explain and draw a sketch: • Salt Water

45. Check Yourself: 1. If a particle is moving from high to low concentration, what type of transportation will it use? 2. If a particle is moving from low to high concentration, what type of transportation will it use? 3. If water is moving from hypertonic solution to a hypotonic solution, what type of transportation will it use?