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Chapter 5: The Communication Process. What is communication? Words, pictures, sounds, and colors are often used for communication. Yet they have different meanings to different audiences, and people’s perceptions and interpretations of them vary. One-Way Communication Model. Source/ Sender.
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Chapter 5: The Communication Process • What is communication? • Words, pictures, sounds, and colors are often used for communication. Yet they have different meanings to different audiences, and people’s perceptions and interpretations of them vary.
One-Way Communication Model Source/ Sender Encoding Message/ Channel Decoding Receiver Response Noise
Two-Way Communication Model Source/ Sender Encoding Message/ Channel Decoding Receiver Feedback Response Noise
Marketing Communication Process • Pros and Cons of one-way vs. two-way communication • Of the five marketing communication tools, which are one/two-way communication? • Components of marketing communication - source/sender - encoding - message/channel - decoding - receiver - response/feedback - noise
The Receivers Mass Markets and Audiences One-way Mass communication Market Segments Niche Markets Individual and Group Audiences Two-way Personal communication
The Response Process Traditional models of the response process
Cognitive Processing of Communications: A model of cognitive response Behavioral Intention Cognitive responses Attitudes Product/ message thoughts Brand attitudes Exposure to Ad Source- oriented thoughts Purchase intention Ad execution thoughts At. toward Ad
Chapter 6: Source, Message, and Channel Factors The Basic Model of Communication Source/ Sender Encoding Message/ Channel Decoding Receiver Noise Feedback Response
Sources Factors • the person or business that is involved in the communication of a promotional message. • direct source • indirect source Characteristics: credibility, attractiveness, and power
Source Credibility - the extent to which the receiver perceives the source to be trustful or believable. internalization
Source Attractiveness • Attractiveness: the extent to which the receiver identifies with the source. identification - similarity - familiarity - likeability
Source Power • A source has power when he or she can actually administer rewards and punish to the receiver. compliance
Message Factors: Structure - the manner or framework used for structuring or communicating the information. • Order of presentation (primacy effect, recency effect) • Conclusion drawing • Message sidedness (one-sided or two-sided) • Refutation • Verbal versus visual messages
Message Factor: Appeal - the manner or style used to communicate the promotional message. Rational vs. Emotional • Comparative advertising • Fear appeals • Humor appeals
Channel Factors • Personal vs. non-personal channels • Effects of alternative mass media (e.g., self-paced vs. externally paced) • Effects of context and environment (e.g., qualitative media effect) • Clutter (all the non-program material that appears in the broadcast environment such as commercials, public announcements and the like).