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Female Genital Cutting: Culture & Health

Female Genital Cutting: Culture & Health. Ahoua Koné, MPH, JD Seattle Immigration & Family Law Group, P.S. Winter 2009. FGC or FGM: what is it?. Ancestral Practice ~ 2000 B.C. Moral outrage? Rite of passage? Health hazard?. Classification (by outsiders).

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Female Genital Cutting: Culture & Health

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  1. Female Genital Cutting: Culture & Health Ahoua Koné, MPH, JD Seattle Immigration & Family Law Group, P.S. Winter 2009

  2. FGC or FGM: what is it? • Ancestral Practice ~ 2000 B.C. • Moral outrage? • Rite of passage? • Health hazard?

  3. Classification (by outsiders) (4 types: 0-III or I-IV) Type 0: Symbolic act Type I (Sunna) : Clitoridectomy - Partial or complete removal of clitoris Type II (Excision): Removal of clitoris + inner labia Type III (Infibulation): Removal of clitoris + both inner & outer labia + stitching

  4. Reasons for practicing FGC? Culture? Right of passage? Increase chances for marriage? Religion? Preserve of female virginity? Control /enhance sexuality? Esthetic / beautify the girl or woman? Cleanliness? Unknown?

  5. FGC by Country and Age Prevalence Among Younger and Older Women Percent Source: DHS STATcompiler: accessed online at www.measuredhs.com/statcompiler on July 21, 2004.

  6. Health Consequences • Short term • Severe pain, hemorrhage, infection, urine retention • Long term – varies greatly according to type • UTI, obstetric complications, sexual dysfunction, psychological problems, death

  7. FGM/C: Trends over Generations

  8. How to address FGC? Medicalization? Criminalization? Eradication Policy development? Health Education? Advocacy? General Female Education? Cross-Cultural Interventions?

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