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DRUGS FOR COUGH

DRUGS FOR COUGH. Cough is a protective reflex Expulsion of particles from respiratory passages Nonproductive Productive. Etiology of cough. Environmental irritants Smoking Allergic rhinitis/sinusitis Upper respiratory tract infection Acute lung infections

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DRUGS FOR COUGH

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  1. DRUGS FOR COUGH

  2. Cough is a protective reflex • Expulsion of particles from respiratory passages Nonproductive Productive

  3. Etiology of cough • Environmental irritants • Smoking • Allergic rhinitis/sinusitis • Upper respiratory tract infection • Acute lung infections • Chronic pulmonary diseases • Drug induced

  4. Nonspecific therapy for cough • Pharyngeal demulcents • Expectorants (mucokinetics) • Antitussives (cough centre suppressants)

  5. Pharyngeal demulcents lozenges, cough drops, linctuses containing syrup, glycerine, liquorice Sooth the throat Relief in dry cough

  6. Expectorants • Directly acting • Reflexly acting • Mucolytics Increase bronchial secretion Reduce the viscosity of bronchial secretion Facilitate its removal Less tiring & more productive cough

  7. Expectorants • Directly acting - sodium and potassium citrate/acetate - pot. iodide - guaiacol - guaiphenesin - balsum of Tolu - vasaka

  8. Expectorants 2 . Reflexly acting - ammonium chloride/carbonate - pot. iodide

  9. Mucolytics – bromhexine, ambroxol, acetylcysteine, carbocysteine Bromhexine - Mucolytic and mucokinetic S/E – rhinorrhoea ,gastric irritation Useful when mucus plugs are present Ambroxol - Metabolite of bromhexine

  10. Mucolytic • Dornase Alfa -Phosphorylated glycosylated deoxyribonuclease -Decrease viscosity of secretions by degrading deoxyribonucleo-protein -Daily by inhalaton

  11. Antitussives • Opioids – pholcodiene, morphine, ethylmorphine • Non opioids – noscapine (narcotine), dextromethorphan, oxeladine, chlophedianole

  12. Antitussives • Antihistaminics - Chlorpheniramine, diphenhydramine, Promethazine • Bronchodilators -

  13. Benzonatate • Centrally as well as peripherally acting antitussive • Inhibits afferent cough impulses , also inhibits pulmonary stretch receptor • Mild local anaesthetic action • Orally (100-200 mg TDS) • S/E – drowsiness, nausea, headache, vertigo

  14. Antitussives having peripheral action • Prenoxdiazine • Local anaesthetics – lignocaine, bupivacaine: -cough associated with bronchoscopy

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