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Risks and Protective Factors Associated with Children’s Mental Health

Risks and Protective Factors Associated with Children’s Mental Health. Joän M. Patterson, Ph.D. Maternal and Child Health Program, Epidemiology, U of MN. Factors of child mental health. Proximate systems Family School Peer group Distal systems Government Mass media Global economies.

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Risks and Protective Factors Associated with Children’s Mental Health

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  1. Risks and Protective Factors Associated with Children’s Mental Health Joän M. Patterson, Ph.D. Maternal and Child Health Program, Epidemiology, U of MN

  2. Factors of child mental health • Proximate systems • Family • School • Peer group • Distal systems • Government • Mass media • Global economies

  3. Risk factors • Can be biological, psychological or social • Occur at the individual, family, community, cultural or larger societal level • Increase probability of a harmful effect • Do not guarantee an harmful effect • Multiple risk factors increase likelihood of harmful effect

  4. Individual risk factors • Genetic inheritance (e.g., autism, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) • Injury • Infection • Exposure to toxins (e.g., in-utero substance exposure • Poor nutrition • Chronic illness

  5. Family risk factors • Parental psychopathology associated with poorer parenting ability • Witnessing family conflict and violence • Physical and sexual abuse • Psychological maltreatment • Stressful life events • Economic stress

  6. Community risk factors • Community violence • Drug trafficking • Gangs and antisocial peers • Substance abuse • Truancy • Fear of crime • Discrimination/racism • Poor quality schools

  7. Protective factors • Contribute to healthy outcomes for children at risk and all children • Occur at the individual, family, community, cultural or larger societal level

  8. Individual protective factors • Outgoing temperament • Good social skills • Self efficacy • Innate intelligence

  9. Family protective factors • Stable, two-parent family • Positive involvement with extended family • Secure attachment with caregiver • Parental warmth and support • Age-appropriate discipline • Authoritative parenting

  10. Community protective factors • Supportive relationships with community leaders or teachers • Age-relevant community resources (e.g., parks, libraries, child care) • Strong linkages between family and community (e.g., parents and school personnel) • Social policies (e.g., adequate income, community resources)

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