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What is NANO?

What is NANO?. What is NANO?. In 1960, the U.S. National Bureau of Standards adopted the prefix "nano-" for "a billionth". Millimicrometer ( millimicron ) mµ µµ. What is NANO?. What is NANO?.

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What is NANO?

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  1. What is NANO?

  2. What is NANO? • In 1960, the U.S. National Bureau of Standards adopted the prefix "nano-" for "a billionth". • Millimicrometer(millimicron) • mµ • µµ

  3. What is NANO?

  4. What is NANO? • The nanoscopic scale is sometimes marked as the point where the properties of a material change; above this point, the properties of a material are caused by 'bulk' or 'volume' effects.

  5. What is NANO?

  6. What is NANO? • Iron has ferromagnetism properties .

  7. IONs have superparamagnetic properties.

  8. What is NANO? • 'surface area effects' become more apparent

  9. What is Nano-Materials? • Matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres.

  10. Nano-Materials • Nanosheets

  11. Nano-Materials • Nanoneedles

  12. Nano-Materials • Nanoparticles

  13. What is Nanotechnology? • National Nanotechnology Initiative(INN) • The manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometres.

  14. What is Nanotechnology? • Richard Smalley • Nanotechnology is the art and science of building stuff that does stuff at the nanometer scale.

  15. History • Richard Feynman • American Physical Society meeting at Caltech on December 29, 1959. • There's Plenty of Roomat the Bottom.

  16. History • Possibility of direct manipulation of individual atoms as a more powerful form of synthetic chemistry than those used at the time. • Molecular Nanotechnology

  17. History • K. Eric Drexler • Gray goo • Ecophagy

  18. History • Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council (INIC)

  19. That Bit of Chemistry and Physics You Just Have to Know

  20. That Bit of Chemistry and Physics You Just Have to Know • Bonding atoms with electrons • Covalent Bond

  21. Turning on the light • Light & NANOtech

  22. Light & NANOtech • Photon • Light is made up of itsy-bitsy particles, too small for anybody to see.

  23. Light & NANOtech • Isaac Newton • light is essentially a streamof particles

  24. Light & NANOtech • Wave theory • light had properties similar to a wavelike electric field traveling with a wavelike magnetic field.

  25. Light & NANOtech • light can behave in both ways — as a particle and a wave — it depends on the situation. To describe light traveling from one place to another, we call on ideas from the wave model. When you talk about light interacting with matter on the atomic level, Albert’s photons come into play — and into nano-research.

  26. Light & NANOtech • Wavelength

  27. Light & NANOtech • Light frequency • Hertz (Hz) per second.

  28. Light & NANOtech • C = f * λ • C (Light velocity): 299 792 458 metres per second≈ 3 × 108 m/s • f: frequency in cycles per second • λ: Wavelength in meter

  29. Light & NANOtech

  30. Light & NANOtech • Wavenumber (spatial frequency) • The number of waves that exist over a specified distance (cm)

  31. Light & NANOtech • Kicking out a photon

  32. Light & NANOtech • At the atomic level, all excited atoms are emitting photons.

  33. Light & NANOtech • A wire designed to let its atoms heat up till they generate light.

  34. Light & NANOtech • Studying things that small requires special, deviously clever instruments that measure certain properties of matter — for example, spectrometers

  35. Light & NANOtech • Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

  36. Light & NANOtech • Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

  37. Light & NANOtech • Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

  38. Light & NANOtech • Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

  39. Light & NANOtech • Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

  40. Light & NANOtech • Raman spectroscopy

  41. Light & NANOtech • Raman spectroscopy

  42. Light & NANOtech • Stokes shift

  43. Light & NANOtech • Raman spectroscopy

  44. Light & NANOtech • Raman spectroscopy

  45. Light & NANOtech • Vibrational microscopy

  46. Light & NANOtech • Vibrational microscopy

  47. Light & NANOtech • Vibrational microscopy

  48. Light & NANOtech • Vibrational microscopy

  49. Vibrational microscopy • Applications in Biology and Medicine • Diseased tissue research • Identify chemical differences in plant leaf material • Identify bacteria using chemical imaging • Analysis of biomaterial interactions • Characterize ingredient or coating distribution in tablets • Identify counterfeit medications • Monitor solvent diffusion and active ingredient dissolution in blends or granules

  50. Vibrational microscopy • Applications in Microbiology

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