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The Urinary System

The Urinary System. Chapter 26. Objective. Describe the physiology of urine formation by the kidney. . Functions. Excretion removal of organic wastes from body fluid Elimination discharge of waste products Homeostatic regulation of blood plasma volume and solute concentration.

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The Urinary System

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  1. The Urinary System Chapter 26

  2. Objective • Describe the physiology of urine formation by the kidney.

  3. Functions • Excretion • removal of organic wastes from body fluid • Elimination • discharge of waste products • Homeostatic regulation • of blood plasma volume and solute concentration

  4. Gross Dissection

  5. Male Urinary System

  6. Female Urinary System

  7. Urinary Organs • 2 Kidneys • excrete urine • Urinary tract: • Ureters • Urinary bladder • Urethra

  8. Kidneys • Filter the blood and remove wastes • Each contain 1-2 million nephrons

  9. Kidney Dissection • Outer Cortex • Inner Medulla • contain renal pyramids

  10. Nephrons • Functional unit of the kidneys • Makes urine • Controls water balance • Regulates blood pressure

  11. Nephrons • Glomerulus • Bowman’s Capsule • Proximal Convoluted Tubule • Loop of Henle • Distal Convoluted Tubule • Collecting Duct

  12. Nephron Component Functions • Glomerulus: • mechanically filters blood • Bowman's Capsule: • mechanically filters blood • Proximal Convoluted Tubule: • reabsorbs 75% of the water, salts, glucose, and amino acids • Loop of Henle: • countercurrent exchange, which maintains the concentration gradient • Distal Convoluted Tubule: • tubular secretion of H ions, potassium, and certain drugs

  13. Ureter • Paired tubes • Connects the kidney to the urinary bladder

  14. Urinary Bladder • Smooth muscle bag • Stores waste solution - urine

  15. Urethra • Connects bladder to outside of the body • Allows urine to pass out of the body

  16. Basic Processes of Urine Formation • Filtration • Blood pressure • Water and solutes across glomerular capillaries • Reabsorption • The removal of water and solutes from the filtrate • Secretion • Transport of solutes from the peritubular fluid into the tubular fluid

  17. Incontinence (urine leakage) • More than 10 million Americans experience incontinence • Most do not seek treatment • Treatment can improve or eliminate the problem 90% of the time

  18. Kidney Stones • Solid mass of tiny crystals • Form when urine contains too much of certain substances • dehydration

  19. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) • Bacteria (E. coli) from the digestive tract get in the urinary tract • multiply • move from the urethra to the bladder to the kidneys • More common in women than men

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