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Abnormal Behaviour

Abnormal Behaviour. Different ways of understanding abnormal behaviour (models of abnormality) Biological Psychodynamic Behaviourist Cognitive Eating disorders Anorexia & bulimia nervosa Biological & psychological explanations. www.psychlotron.org.uk. Eating Disorders.

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Abnormal Behaviour

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  1. Abnormal Behaviour • Different ways of understanding abnormal behaviour (models of abnormality) • Biological • Psychodynamic • Behaviourist • Cognitive • Eating disorders • Anorexia & bulimia nervosa • Biological & psychological explanations www.psychlotron.org.uk

  2. Eating Disorders • Symptoms & clinical description • How is a diagnosis made? • Prevalence • How common are they? • Risk factors • What makes it more likely that a person will get them? www.psychlotron.org.uk

  3. Eating Disorders www.psychlotron.org.uk

  4. Eating Disorders • Symptoms of psychological disorders can be categorised into: • Cognitive (thinking) • Affective (emotion) • Behavioural • Physical www.psychlotron.org.uk

  5. Anorexia Nervosa • Main symptoms: • Severely restricted food intake • Weight loss (below 85% of expected) • Distortion of body image • Underplays seriousness of weight loss • Fear of becoming fat • Cessation of periods (3+ missed) www.psychlotron.org.uk

  6. Anorexia Nervosa • Prevalence • Affects 1 in 200 adolescents • 90% of sufferers are female • Commonest in 15-17 year old girls (1%) • Prognosis: • 8% die within 5 years of onset • 70% recover within 10 years • 22% struggle with chronic symptoms www.psychlotron.org.uk

  7. Anorexia Nervosa • Risk factors • Hard working, high achieving • Compliant, high need for approval • High need for control, low tolerance of change • Perfectionist • Competitive environment • Occupation associated with low weight www.psychlotron.org.uk

  8. Bulimia Nervosa • Bingeing episodes • Consumption of large amounts of food • Feeling that eating is out of control • Purging behaviour • Self-induced vomiting • Laxative abuse • Excessive exercise • Weight typically in normal range, but sufferer unusually preoccupied with body weight/shape www.psychlotron.org.uk

  9. Bulimia Nervosa • Prevalence • Affects up to 3% of young women • Rare in men • Later onset than anorexia (late teens-20s) • Prognosis • 70% full or partially recover within 10 years • Average 5yrs between onset & treatment www.psychlotron.org.uk

  10. Bulimia Nervosa • Risk factors • Anxious & depressed • Poor impulse control • Alcohol & drug use • High susceptibility to stress www.psychlotron.org.uk

  11. Health Risks • Starvation, bingeing & purging can lead to: • Irregular heartbeat & cardiac arrest • Liver & kidney damage • Bone defects & osteoporosis • Damage to teeth & oesophagus • Infertility • Electrolyte imbalance (sometimes fatal) • Cognitive impairments www.psychlotron.org.uk

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