Understand the nature of business

1. Understand the nature of business 2.02 Understand the leadership and management.

2. Management • Management is the process of accomplishing the goals of an organization through the effective use of people and other resources.

3. 5 Functions of Management • Planning • Organizing • Staffing • Implementing • Controlling

4. Planning • The planning function involves… • Analyzing information • Setting goals • Making decisions to accomplish the goals

5. Organizing • The organizing function involves… • Identifying the work & resources needed to achieve the goals of the business that have been set in the planning stage.

6. Staffing • The staffing function includes the activities involved in… • Obtaining the employees • Training the employees • Compensating the employees

7. Implementing • The implementing function involves directing and leading people in order to accomplish the goals set out in the planning stage.

8. Controlling • The controlling function is used to determine whether a business is accomplishing its goals that were set in the planning stage.

9. Levels of Management • Top Management • Mid-management • Supervisors • Management by others

10. Top Management • Executives are top-level managers • Responsible for the direction and the success of the business (controlling) • Set long-term goals (planning) • Held accountable for profitability & success • Examples: • CEO (Chief Executive Officer • President

11. Mid-Management • Mid-managers are specialists • Responsible for specific parts of the business • Devoted to the organizing, staffing, and implementing functions • Examples • Marketing Manager • Information Technology Manager • Customer Service Manager

12. Supervisors • First level of management • Responsible for the routine work of a group of employees • Evaluate the work of the employees • Implement the plans set forth by executives and mid-managers

13. Management by others • Other employees who are not managers, may serve as leaders for a group of employees

14. Management Styles • The management style is the way a manager treats and involves employees • Tactical • Strategic • Mixed

15. Tactical • Directive and controlling • Manager makes the major decisions • Stays in close contact with employees while they work • Typically, use for inexperienced employees or during a crisis

16. Strategic • Less directive with employees • Involves team members with decision making • Typically, used with trusted and/or experienced employees • Limited direct supervision

17. Mixed • Combination of both tactical and strategic • Effective managers can use both styles in order to accommodate different types of employees

18. Leadership Styles • Leadership is the ability to motivate individuals and groups to accomplish important goals. • What type of traits should a leader possess?

19. Leadership Traits • Intelligence • Judgment • Objectivity • Initiative • Dependability • Understanding • Cooperation • Honesty • Courage • Confidence • Stability

20. Leadership Styles • Autocratic Leader • Democratic Leader • Open or Laissez-faire leader

21. Autocratic Leader • Used when a leader needs to give direct, clear, and precise orders and makes decisions • Situations to use style: • During an emergency • To direct the work of inexperienced employees

22. Democratic Leader • One who includes employees in making decisions • Situations to use style: • To monitor quality of work of employees • To direct the work of employees working as a team

23. Open/Laissez-faire Leader • One who gives little or no direction to employees • Situation to use style: • To monitor achievements and communicate regularly with employees • To direct the work of experienced and trained employees

24. Human Resources Managers • Human resources managers use the management process of managing employees to achieve the objectives of a business.

25. Human Resources Management Activities • Planning, staffing, recruiting, & hiring • Managing compensation and benefits • Managing performance of employees

26. Planning, Staffing, Recruiting, Hiring • Planning & Staffing • Classifying employees • Permanent • Long term commitment • Temporary • Hired for a specific time/job • Full Time • 30 or more hours per week (usually 40+ hours) • Part Time • Short work week

27. Planning, Staffing, Recruiting, Hiring • Planning and Staffing • Telecommuting – involves performing some portion of or the entire job away from the business • Flextime – allows employees to choose the work hours and days they think will be most effective

28. Planning, Staffing, Recruiting, Hiring • Planning & Job Staffing • Determining job requirements: • The use of job analysis to determine all the duties for a particular job • Recruiting and hiring employees • The application process • Reviewing applications/resumes • Interviewing applicants • Checking references of applicants • Making a job offer to applicants

29. Planning, Staffing, Recruiting, Hiring • Recruiting & Hiring • New employee orientation • Paperwork • Training • Mentor

30. Managing Compensation & Benefits • Compensation method • Time Wage – Direct payment per hour • Salary – Direct payment per week, bi-weekly, or monthly • Commission – Percentage of sales • Piece Rate – Payment per unit produced • Base plus incentive – Direct payment plus performance based pay • Employee benefits • Other items given to employee for working. For example, health insurance, vacation time, sick time, dental insurance, vision insurance, 401k retirement, family leave, etc.

31. Managing performance of employees • Employee evaluation • Objective evaluations of employees’ quality of work • Promotion • Advancement of an employee to a position with greater responsibility • Transfer • Assignment of the employee to a job in another area with similar responsibility • Termination • Ends employment relationship

32. Video: are leaders born or made? • http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-11730685