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The 50 (or more) Terms

The 50 (or more) Terms. Use these definitions to supplement yours. Ambiguity. Uncertainty of meaning or intention Ex: “I can’t recommend this book too highly”. Convention. rule, method, or practice established by usage Ex: Greeting someone with a handshake

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The 50 (or more) Terms

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  1. The 50 (or more) Terms Use these definitions to supplement yours

  2. Ambiguity • Uncertainty of meaning or intention • Ex: “I can’t recommend this book too highly”

  3. Convention • rule, method, or practice established by usage • Ex: Greeting someone with a handshake • Ex: Capitalizing the first letter of a sentence

  4. Euphemism • The substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt. • Ex: Saying “to pass away” instead of “to die” • Ex: “Handicapped” instead of “crippled”

  5. Euphemism

  6. Jargon • The language peculiar to a particular trade, profession, or group. • Ex: “touch base” to meet up with colleagues to discuss progress. • Ex: “Win-Win” • Ex: GTL

  7. Assonance • Repetition of vowel sounds • Ex: Or hear old Triton blow his wreathed horn • Ex: I bomb atomically- Socrates’ philosophies and hypotheses can’t define how I bedroppin’ these mockeries • Ex: And in my hour of darkness, she is standing right in front of me/ speaking words of wisdom, “let it be”.

  8. Onomatopoeia • Words that imitate sounds

  9. Satire • A literary composition, in verse or prose, in which human folly and vice are held up to scorn, derision, or ridicule.

  10. Literal • The primary or strict meaning of a word or phrase; exact meaning. • Think of the dictionary definition of the word • Saying “the dog died” instead of “the dog is going to the big dog house in the sky”

  11. Oxymoron • A figure of speech in which the phrase seems to have a self-contradictory effect • Ex: bitter-sweet • Ex: nice-nasty

  12. Parable • A short allegorical story that is meant to teach so truth, moral, or religious principle • Ex: The Prodigal Son, How Much Land Does A Man Need

  13. Paradox • A statement that seems self-contradictory, but in reality, expresses truth • Ex: I always tell lies, This sentence is false

  14. Parody • A humorous or satirical imitation of a serious piece of writing or literature

  15. Allusion • a stylistic device in which one implicitly references a related object or circumstance that has occurred or existed in an external context. An allusion is understandable only to those with prior knowledge of the reference in question (as the writer assumes the reader has). An "allusion" is not the same as an "illusion". • Ex: Utopian discord • Ex: T.S. Elliot’s The Waste Land alludes to Shakespeare, Dante, and Milton

  16. Allusion: Example • The Gaslight Anthem in the song “High Lonesome”(2008): “And Maria came from Nashville with a suitcase in her hand, I kindasorta wished I had looked like Elvis” alludes to: • The Counting Crows’ song “Round Here” (1994): “Maria came from Nashville with a suitcase in her hand, she says she would like to meet a boy who looks like Elvis”

  17. Diction • Style of speaking or writing as dependant upon word choice • "Words strain,Crack and sometimes break, under the burden,Under the tension, slip, slide, perish,Decay with imprecision, will not stay in place,Will not stay still."(T.S. Eliot, "Burnt Norton")

  18. Dramatic Irony • This occurs when the audience or reader knows something a character does not know • This is a great way to build tension and interest into plot • Think of horror movies…

  19. Dramatic Irony

  20. Verbal Irony • A figure of speech when what is said is opposite is what is meant • “Break a leg”

  21. Situational Irony • When the outcome of a play, story, or event is the opposite of what was expected.

  22. Metaphor • a figure of speech in which a term or phrase is applied to something to which it is not literally applicable in  order to suggest a resemblance • Ex: Your friend is a big baby • Ex: You are my guardian angel • Ex: The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want; he makes me lie down in green pastures.

  23. Direct Characterization • This occurs when the author tells the reader exactly what a character is thinking, feeling, or is like • The author “tells” us • Ed Johnson scratched his head in confusion as the sales rep explained Dralco’s newest engine performance diagnostic computer. The old mechanic hated modern electronics, preferring the old days when all he needed was a stack of manuals and a good set of tools.

  24. Indirect Characterization • the writer reveals information about a character and his personality through that character's thoughts, words, and actions, along with how other characters respond to that character, including what they think and say about him. • “That Ed Johnson,” said Anderson, watching the old mechanic scratch his head in confusion as the sales rep explained Dralco’s newest engine performance diagnostic computer. “He hasn’t got a clue about modern electronics. Give him a good set of tools and a stack of yellowing manuals with a carburetor needing repair, and he’d be happy as a hungry frog in a fly-field.”

  25. Rhetorical Question • a question asked solely to produce an effect or to make an assertion and not to elicit a reply • Ex: Why Me? • Ex: Does a one-legged duck swim in a circle?

  26. Archetype • Original model or pattern • the original pattern or model from which all things of the same kind are copied or on which they are based; a  model or firstform • Ex: The Tragic Hero, The Villain, The Damsel in Distress, The Evil Stepmother, The Hero. The Sage • Odysseus, Oedipus, The Devil

  27. Verisimilitude • the appearance or semblance of truth; likelihood;  probability • For example, a teenager (not you of course) goes somewhere without her parents permission and tells her parents that she was really at the library. If the teenager adds creative details about what happened while she was there (even though she is making the details up), she is attempting to add verisimilitude to her story. Writers of fiction also do this. 

  28. Analogy • a comparison between two things that are similar in some way, often used to help explain something or make it easier to understand • eye:sight::teeth:chew • hand:elbow::foot:knee • meow:cat::bark:dog • baby:adult::puppy:dog

  29. Imagery Words the Author uses to appeal to our senses Kinesthetic, Organic, Auditory, Tactile, Visual, Olefactory, Gustatory

  30. Kinesthetic Imagery • Words that describe movement or tension • Ex: Superman was faster than a speeding bullet

  31. Visual Imagery • Something that appears through sight • “The cottages up to their shining eyes in snow”

  32. Auditory Imagery • Representation of sound, • Can be Onomatopoeia • Ex: “The scythe whispering to the ground”

  33. Olfactory Imagery • Words that represent smell • Ex: “The musk from hidden grapevine springs

  34. Gustatory Imagery • Words that represent taste • “The walking boots that taste of Atlantic and Pacific salt”

  35. Tactile Imagery • Words that represent touch • Hardness, softness, wetness, heat, cold • “The bed linens must just as well be ice and the clothes snow”

  36. Organic Imagery • Internal sensations • Hunger, Fear, thirst, fatigue, nausea • “My heart owns a doubt, It costs no inward struggle not to go”

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