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Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry

Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry. Some useful material. niichem.univer.kharkov.ua/physorg chemlaba.wordpress.com. What shall we do?.

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Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry

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  1. Biological and Bioorganic Chemistry

  2. Some useful material niichem.univer.kharkov.ua/physorg chemlaba.wordpress.com

  3. What shall we do? Introduction to organic and biological chemistry. Classes and nomenclature of organic compounds. Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. SR and AdE reactions. Feb 14 Aromatic hydrocarbons. Orientation in the aromatic ring. Halogen derivatives of hydrocarbons. SN reacions. Alcohols, ethers. Polyhydric alcohols. Feb 21 Feb 28 Carbonyl compounds – aldehydes and ketones. Carbohydrates. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives: amides, nitriles, anhydrides. Esters, fats. Mar 7 Amines, aminoacids, peptides. Heterocyclic compounds and their biological activity. Mar 14

  4. Carboxylic acids

  5. The carboxylic group

  6. Naming carboxylic acids • Simple carboxylic acids are named as derivatives of the parent alkane, using the suffix -oic acid: • Select the longest continuous carbon chain, containing the carboxylic acid group, and derive the parent name by replacing the -e ending with -oic acid. • Number the carbon chain, beginning at the end nearest to the carboxylic acid group. • Number the substituents and write the name, listing substituents alphabetically. • Carboxylic acid substituents attached to rings are named using the suffix -carboxylic acid.

  7. Naming carboxylic acids

  8. Isomerism of carboxylic acids

  9. Synthesis of carboxylic acids

  10. Synthesis of carboxylic acids

  11. Synthesis of carboxylic acids

  12. Reactions of carboxylic acids

  13. Reactions of carboxylic acids

  14. Reactions of carboxylic acids

  15. Reactions of carboxylic acids

  16. Esters and fats

  17. Carboxylic esters

  18. Esters as odorants

  19. Fatty carboxylic acids

  20. Reactions of esterification

  21. Physiological role of fats Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble, meaning they can only be digested, absorbed, and transported in conjunction with fats. Fats are also sources of essential fatty acids, an important dietary requirement. Fats play a vital role in maintaining healthy skin and hair, insulating body organs against shock, maintaining body temperature, and promoting healthy cell function. Fats also serve as energy stores for the body, containing about37.8 kJ (9 cal) per gram of fat. They are broken down in the body to release glyceroland free fatty acids. The glycerol can be converted to glucose by the liver and thus used as a source of energy.

  22. Other carboxylic acids derivatives

  23. Carboxylic acids derivatives

  24. Acid anhydrides

  25. Acid halides (haloanhydrides)

  26. Carboxylic acid amides

  27. Nitriles

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