Physics Program at KEK-Tsukuba

1. Physics Program at KEK-Tsukuba KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization October 21, 2010 Masa Yamauchi IPNS, KEK

2. Accelerators at KEK J-PARC Tokai Tsukuba KEKB ATF Synch. light facilities

3. Quest for Birth-Evolution of Universe Quest for Unifying Matter and Force International Linear Collider（ILC） Lepton Quark Lepton CPAsymmetry Scientific Activities Technology Innovation Encouraging Human Resources Beyond Standard Physics Power-Upgrade Super-KEKB J-PARC LHC KEK-B Quark CP Asymmetry nt [Origin of Matter] nm Quest for Neutrinos ne Quest for 6 Quarks [Origin of Force] Higgs Particle[Origin of Mass]

4. KEKB and Belle

5. Evidence for D0 mixing Observation of direct CP violation in B gp+p- Evidence for B gtn Observation of b g dg Decisive confirmation of Kobayashi-Maskawa model Evidence for direct CP violation in B g K+p- Measurements of CP violation in B gfKs, h’Ks etc. Observation of CP violation in B meson system Discovery of X(3872) Observation of B g K(*)ll Major achievements at Belle Belle collaboration 15 countries ~400 collaborators

6. Possible hints for NP? Difference in CPV between B0andB± Anomalous CPV in b→sprocesses? Need x50 statistics to clarify new physics. Anomaly in B→K*ll decay? Suggest new physics contributing to b→s transition. SM Unexpectedly large D0D0 oscillation Inconsistency in unitarity triangle? Theoretical calculations using Vub, Dmd,eK Suggest new physics contributing to BB (DD) transition. Direct measurement

7. Colliding bunches Belle II New IR e- 2.3 A New superconducting /permanent final focusing quads near the IP SuperKEKB New beam pipe & bellows e+ 4.0 A Replace long TRISTAN dipoles with shorter ones (HER) Add / modify RF systems for higher beam current Low emittancepositrons to inject Positron source Damping ring Redesign the HER arcs to squeeze the emittance New positron target / capture section Low emittance gun TiN-coated beam pipe with antechambers Low emittance electrons to inject x 40 Gain in Luminosity

8. 8 Y. Suetsugu Design of main components_5 Gate valve Bellows chamber RF-shield (gate valve) • Bellows and gate valves with comb-type RF-shield • Sure RF shielding, thermally strong • applicable to ante-chamber scheme • Finger-type for some cases, if flexibility is required. • Trial models have been installed into the ring and tested. • Reduction in the temperature of bellows has been demonstrated. • Copper RF shield will be used even for aluminum-alloy beam ducts. KEKB Review (KEK) 2010/2/17

9. Belle Upgrade Better background tolerance Better performance ECL Wave sampling + pure CsI crystal(endcap) PID Threshold Aerogel + TOF →　TOP + Aerogel-RICH KL/m detection RPC → Scintillator +SiPM(endcap) CDC Super small cell Longer lever arm New Dead time free readout and high speed computing systems SVD 4-lyr DSSD → 6lyr DSSD (option: striplet / pixel )

11. Japanese contribution to LHC Year 2008 Dhama doll CERN Director General Chris Lewellyn Smith 文部大臣 与謝野　馨 Delegation of Japan at CERN Council 達磨（片目！） June 23, 1995 : Minister of Monbusho, Kaoru Yosano, announced a contribution of 5 billion-yento help finance the construction of the LHC at the CERN Council meeting. Japan was the first non-member country who expressed the contribution to the LHC project. In total Japan contributed 13.85 billion-yen.

12. Inner Triplet Quadrupoles Near the interaction points, triplet quadrupole magnets focus the beam. Two types of superconducting magnets are separately developed and manufactured at KEK and Fermilab. Both magnets were assembled with common cryostat at Fermilab and then shipped to CERN. Fermilab KEK Collision point Very successful US-Japan collaboration for the LHC construction!

13. Toward the LHC upgrade • Recently the design group for High-Luminosity LHC is formed. • KEK is contributing to the R&D for the two key technologies: • High-field magnet (Nb3Al) and • Crab cavity, • in close collaboration with CERN and the other labs BNL CI/DL KEK Nb3Al has better performance then Nb3Sn at the high stress condition JLAB CI/DL SLAC KEK Various designs of crab cavity Nb3Al cable produced by NIMS-KEK collaboration.

14. ATLAS detector upgrade plan 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 toward design luminosity 14TeV -1x1034 cm-2s-1 • Phase 1 minor upgrade: • An additional pixel layer • Replacement of Inner Endcap • muon chambers ultimate design luminosity 1-2x1034 cm-2s-1 High-Luminosity LHC 5x1034 cm-2s-1 Phase 2: Major upgrade: Complete replacement of the inner trackers (All-silicon tracker) R&D activities in Japan • R&D of radiation- tolerant sensors • Development of short strip detector module • R&D of pixel sensors • development of muon and combined triggers.

15. International Large Detector Concept Reconstruct events in terms of quarks, leptons, & gauge bosons Particle Flow Analysis Thin and high resolution vertexing High resolution tracking High granularity calorimetry W/Z separation by Mjet Everything incl. HCAL inside SOL (B>3T) LOI: 695 signatories 32 countries 148 institutions Needs one order of magnitude better performance than existing collider detectors! PHY/OPT LOI: validated by IDAG in Sep. 2009  Moving on to TDR phase VTX Main Physics/Detector R&D Areas at KEK PHY/OPT： Physics and detector optimization MDI VTX： Fine Pixel CCD R&D TPC TPC： MPGD readout TPC R&D CAL ILD MDI/MECH： Machine detector interface / Structure

16. KEK-related Activities for ILD TPC PCMAG from KEK CAL Multi-Pixel Photon Counter Novel semiconductor photo-sensor developed with Hamamatsu Test Beam @ DESY Sensor R&D Large Prototype (LP1) GEM panel R&D 3 GEM panels from LC-TPC Asia Group Prototype Tests Electron energy spectra Readout electronics from LUND and CERN Tungsten scintillator strip sandwich CAL 1 3 6 12 16 25 32 GeV Endplate from Cornell Point resolution seems to meet performance goal Advanced Endplate R&D (just started!) Thickness of TPC end plate < 15% X0 Surface mount readout electronics (incl. DAQ) Power switching, power delivery and cooling 2nd prototype test @ Fermilab in Sep 2008

17. CMB Telescopes POLARBEAR QUIET (phase I) CMB DAQ mirrors in the shield box Receiver system polarimeter chip Receiver system

18. Detector Technology Project (DTP) DAQ ASIC Mechatronics Cryogenics Belle 12GeVPS TRISTAN ATLAS Cryogenic detector Pixel technology New photon detector 2D gas detector Liquid TPC J-PARC ILC IMSS Material Science community HEP and NP communities

19. KEKDTP #5Qpix project • Future alternative to TimePix • Functional pixels, each equipped with an independent TDC, ADC and ToT. • Collaboration with the experts in the industrial applications.

20. Summary • Physics program at KEK-Tsukuba: • KEKB → SuperKEKB upgrade • x40 in luminosity to study NP in B, D, t decays • Dismantling of machine and detector has started as well as construction of new machine/detector components. • Energy frontier program • LHC/ATLAS and their upgrade • ILD at ILC • CMB measurement at QUIET and PolarBear • Detector Technology Project provides unique opportunity to make new measurements possible. SuperKEKB

21. Synergy between flavor and energy frontier experiments Discoveries in flavor physics Discoveries in energy frontier K-K mixing Charm quark CP violation in K system Bottom quark and t lepton B-B mixing Top quark CP violation in B system New physics, SUSY?? ??