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A NATION DIVIDED

A NATION DIVIDED. CHAPTER 30, SECTION 3. QUIZ: SECTION 3. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS : THE NEW LEFT STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT DOVE HAWK. VOCABULARY. THE NEW LEFT STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY (S.D.S.) FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT (F.S.M.)

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A NATION DIVIDED

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  1. A NATION DIVIDED CHAPTER 30, SECTION 3

  2. QUIZ: SECTION 3 • DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS: • THE NEW LEFT • STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY • FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT • DOVE • HAWK

  3. VOCABULARY • THE NEW LEFT • STUDENTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY (S.D.S.) • FREE SPEECH MOVEMENT (F.S.M.) • DOVES • HAWKS

  4. IMPORTANT DATES • 1959: SDS FOUNDED • 1964: FSM FOUNDED • 1967: • ANTI-WAR PROTEST MARCH ON WASHINGTON • McNAMARA ANNOUNCES HIS RESIGNATION

  5. ANTI-WAR PROTEST • U.S. MILITARY DRAFT SYSTEM BASED ON SELECTIVE SERVICE SYSTEM • ALL U.S. MALES, 18 TO 26, HAD TO REGISTER • DRAFTEES WOULD BE TAKEN FROM THAT POOL OF MEN • SYSTEM WAS EASILY MANIPULATED • LARGE #s TRY TO AVOID BEING DRAFTED • HOW WAS DRAFT AVOIDED? • MEDICAL “DEFERMENT” (Define) • ENLISTING IN NATIONAL GUARD, COAST GUARD • “CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTION” (Define) • COLLEGE DEFERMENT • LAST RESORT: LEAVING U.S. (ex. CANADA) • RESULT? • MANY WHO AVOIDED DRAFT KNEW HOW TO MANIPULATE THE SYSTEM • MANY WHO COULDN’T AVOID DRAFT WERE WORKING CLASS

  6. ANTI-WAR PROTEST • 80% OF U.S. SERVICEMEN IN V-NAM CAME FROM WORKING CLASS • WHAT GROUPS HAVE HIGHEST #s OF DRAFTEES? • AFRICAN-AMERICANS • WORKING CLASS WHITES • LATINOS • PROBLEMS? • RESENTMENT AT HEAVY BURDEN GROWS • EX: 20% OF COMBAT DEATHS IN 1965-68 WERE AFRICAN-AMERICAN • RACIAL TENSION IN MILITARY UNITS AND IN U.S. GROWS • EX: 1969: RACE RIOT @ USMC CAMP LEJEUNE, N.C.

  7. ANTI-WAR PROTEST • SOME GROUPS TRY TO HELP SITUATION IN V-NAM: • U.S. MILITARY DIDN’T ALLOW WOMEN IN COMBAT UNITS • 7,500 WOMEN SERVE IN SUPPORT ROLES, SPECIFICALLY AS NURSES / MEDICAL AIDES • WHERE? • ARMY • NAVY • RED CROSS • U.S.O. • U.S.O.: DID / DOES WHAT? • PROVIDES SERVICES FOR MILITARY (CARE PACKAGES, ENTERTAINMENT, COMMUNICATION SERVICES)

  8. ROOTS OF OPPOSITION • 1960’s COLLEGE STUDENTS ARE MORE POLITICALLY ACTIVE • COLLEGE CAMPUSES ARE CENTERS OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY • WHY? • JFK’s NEW FRONTIER ENCOURAGED STUDENTS TO BE MORE INVOLVED IN NATIONAL ISSUES • GROWTH OF CIVIL RIGHTS STRUGGLE • BABY BOOM & CONSUMERISM CREATED MORE POTENTIAL COLLEGE STUDENTS • WHO? “THE NEW LEFT” • DESCRIBE: POLITICAL PROTEST GROUPS CALLING FOR CHANGES IN U.S. SOCIETY • EXAMPLES? • S.D.S: BEGAN @ U. OF MICHIGAN • F.S.M. BEGAN @ U. OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY • DID WHAT? • CALLED FOR EXPANDED INDIVIDUAL FREEDOMS • CRITICIZED “THE MACHINE”: GOV’T - BIG BUSINESS ALLIANCE

  9. F.S.M. Rally @ UC-Berkley, 1964

  10. PROTEST MOVEMENT GROWS • 1966: LBJ CHANGES REQUIREMENTS FOR DEFERMENTS • HOW? A COLLEGE STUDENT HAD TO BE IN GOOD ACADEMIC STANDING • REACTION? PROTESTS ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES INCREASE • LATE-’67: S.D.S. HAS 300 CHAPTERS ON CAMPUSES ACROSS U.S. • MAJOR PROTESTS: • SPRING,’67: NYC – CENTRAL PARK: 500,000 • OCT.,’67: WASH., D.C. PROTEST: 75,000 • ENDS IN VIOLENT CLASH @ PENTAGON • 1500 INJURED, 700 ARRESTED

  11. DIVIDED OPINIONS • DOVES: Define • HAWKS: Define • 1967: MEDIA POLL RESULTS: • 2/3 OF AMERICANS THINK WAR JUSTIFIED • 50% THINK MORE BOMBING OF N.V. WOULD HELP WIN WAR • 70% BELIEVED WAR PROTESTS WERE DISLOYAL ACTS

  12. FAMOUS SLOGANS • “HELL NO, WE WON’T GO!” • “BURN CARDS, NOT PEOPLE!” • “DRAFT BEER, NOT PEOPLE!” • “HEY, HEY, LBJ... HOW MANY KIDS HAVE YOU KILLED TODAY?!!” • “AMERICA…LOVE IT, OR LEAVE IT!” • “SUPPORT OUR MEN IN VIETNAM.”

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