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Rudy Vannevel Canada, Montreal 2-4.12.2002

Rudy Vannevel Canada, Montreal 2-4.12.2002. Methods and guidelines for the rapid assessment of biological diversity of inland water ecosystems. FLEMISH ENVIRONMENT AGENCY A. Van de Maelestraat 96 B-9320 Erembodegem BELGIUM. DPSIR Assessment framework (Source: EEA).

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Rudy Vannevel Canada, Montreal 2-4.12.2002

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  1. Rudy VannevelCanada, Montreal2-4.12.2002 Methods and guidelines for the rapid assessment of biological diversity of inland water ecosystems FLEMISH ENVIRONMENT AGENCY A. Van de Maelestraat 96 B-9320 Erembodegem BELGIUM

  2. DPSIR Assessment framework (Source: EEA)

  3. D P S I R ? environmental description ? Ecological criteria purposes Assessment Methods Policy criteria Non-ecological methodological criteria Management criteria scope resources

  4. Relation DPSIR vs. Working Groups EU-WFD Driving forces WATECO Pressures Responses IMPRESS State Impacts REFCOND MONITORING INTERCALIBRATION HMWB

  5. D P S I R ? purposes Assessment Methods Policy criteria Management criteria resources

  6. DPSIR vs. Assessment types D P S I R D! P? Pressure assessm. D! P! I? Impact assessm. / Indicator assessm. D? P? I! Pressure assessm. / Resource assessm. D? P? I? R? Scenario-analysis S? Inventory assessm. / Species-specific assessm. / Indicator assessm. D!? P!? S!? I!? R!? (… maybe, life is too complex to describe!)

  7. DPSIR vs. Outputs D P S I R Identify threats to focal species and habitats Spp. lists, status of spp., population structure, ecolological data on focus spp., monitoring data, presence/status/condition of economically important spp., abundances, distributions patterns, physical-chemical and biological parameters, ... Indices, ecological changes, effects on habitat spp., health of water systems, ... Impact reduction options, management options, sustainable exploitation of a sp., ...

  8. DPSIR : D vs. P Uses and functions of water bodies - nature-oriented functions: biodiversity, spawning grounds, fish migration, corridor, ... - basic functions - human-oriented functions: effluent discharges, shipping, agriculture, aquaculture, fishing, drinking water production, recreation, ... Driving forces population growth increasing mobility climate change ... D P S I R Pressures pollutants fishing channelisation species migration water abstraction erosion ...

  9. D P S I R Ecological criteria environmental description WATER SYSTEM COMPARTMENTS w. column, w. sediments, river banks, biota, suspended solids, w. course,... WATER TYPES streams, rivers, lakes, transitional w., coastal w., … WATER TYPOLOGY SCALE habitats, water bodies, stream catchments, river basins, ... X X X X NATURAL CHARACTERISTICS - PHYS.-HYDROMORPH.: slope, sinuosity, … - PHYS.-CHEMICAL: parameters - BIOLOGICAL: different levels: trophic l. (plancton, invert., fish), taxonomic l. (ssp, sp., g., f., o.) organism l. (ind., comm., mesocosm) POLICY ENTITIES Water quantity, Water quality, Hydromorphology, Ecology (biodiversity) X

  10. Assessment Methods Management criteria Non-ecological methodological criteria resources scope Time Money Expertise Taxa Geography Site selection Data Analysis

  11. Management criteria resources Time Money Expertise inventory vs. monitoring long term vs. short term limited vs. ample specialisation vs. generalisation institutional support (incl. international co-operation) (everything in life is relative)

  12. Non-ecological methodological criteria scope Taxa Geography Site selection Data Analysis • Selection of • trophic levels • Limitations on • identification • taxon. Level • identif. keys ? • Depends on: • assess method • sp. range • … • Depends on: • assess method • assess. type • distinct vs. • representative • habitats • … Qualitative vs quantitative Sp. codes ? • Data management: • informatics • support • modelling / • calculations Relation with WFD: surveillance, operational and investigative monitoring

  13. Assessment Methods (1) PHYSICAL- HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL Natural characterist. Metrics: sinuosity, dimensions, slope, bank structure, pool-riffle pattern, ... Physical parameters: pH, conductivity, … Chemical param.: eutrophicating p., oxygen depleting p., dangerous substances, ... Criteria: presence, abundance, tolerance, occurance, rareness, vulnerability, endemic/invasive, ... Metrics, parameters, criteria ? ? ? Huet’s fish zones, RIVPACS, ... Prati-index, Bolton-index, ... Biotic index, Diversity index, ... Methods

  14. Assessment Methods (2) PHYSICAL- HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL Metrics: sinuosity, pool-riffle pattern, slope, bank structure, flow, river corridor, ... Analyses level: GIS, image processing, ... Discriminating value: ? ... Deriving results by: calculation, (regression, mulivariate techniques, …), ... + + 1 or more criteria accuracy sensitivity of method Value, ratio, ...

  15. Assessment Methods (3) PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL Physical parameters: pH, conductivity, … Chemical param.: eutrophicating p., oxygen depleting p., dangerous substances, ... Analyses level: concentrations, loads, ... Discriminating value: weighing scores, equations of transformation, ... Deriving results by: calculation, index table, class boundaries, ... + + 1 or more criteria accuracy sensitivity of method Index, ratio, ...

  16. Assessment Methods (4) BIOLOGICAL Criteria: richness/presence, abundance, tolerance, occurance, rareness, vulnerability, endemic/invasive, ... Identification level: individuals, species, ‘higher’ taxa, ... Discriminating value: weighing scores, individual scores, metrics, ... Deriving results by: calculation, index table, class boundaries, ... + + 1 or more criteria accuracy sensitivity of method Number, Index, Score, Ratio, Value, ...

  17. Assessment Methods (5) PHYSICAL- HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL Values, ratios, ... PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL Index, ratio, ... BIOLOGICAL Number, Index, Score, Ratio, Percentage, ... Assessment methods – ‘methodology’ ! RAPID ASSESSMENT METHODS Saprobic indices: - pollution impact Diversity indices: - taxa richness - eveness / balance Biotic indices: - water quality / pollution impact - integrity Similarity indices: - community comparison Ph-C indices: - water quality / pollution impact Habitat indices: - catchment scale assessment MULTIMETRICS Structure metrics: (EPT, Jaccard coeff., …) Community balance m.: (EPT/Chiron., HBI, …) Functional feeding group: (scrapers/filter-feeders, …) Statistical procedures (ANOVA, Coeff. of variance, …) vs.?

  18. Assessment Methods (6) RAPID ASSESSMENT METHODS General assessment Mainly impact assessments Rather simple to apply Broad Standardised ? More related to operational monitoring No specialisation needed More distinction between species Identification on species level or higher MULTIMETRICS Specific assessment Ecosystem functioning More complex to apply Detailed Flexible ? More related to investigative monitoring Expertise is important More identification of species Identification on species level or lower Is there any distinction between rapid assessment and multimetric methods? ? Ecological modelling ? D P S I R EQS ?!

  19. Assessment Methods (7) PHYSICAL- HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL METHODS PHYSICAL - CHEMICAL METHODS BIOLOGICAL METHODS COMBINING METHODS INTEGRATING METHODS COMPARING METHODS A + B + C = ? A, B , C ABC A B C • EQR • BI vs. FC vs. Hydrom. IBI Application: e.g. BSI (= triad of invert., chir.deform & PhC sedim.)

  20. Assessment Methods Procedure 1. Sampling / inventory 2. Sample treatment 3. Analyses / identification 4. Data handling 5. Data storage and management 6. Reporting resources scope

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