1 / 14

Solutes, Solutions and Solvents

Solutes, Solutions and Solvents. Unique properties of water Chapter 2.2. KEY CONCEPT Water’s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth. _. O. H. H. +. +. Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water. Water is a polar molecule. Polar molecules have slightly charged regions.

phuong
Download Presentation

Solutes, Solutions and Solvents

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Solutes, Solutions and Solvents Unique properties of water Chapter 2.2

  2. KEY CONCEPTWater’s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth.

  3. _ O H H + + Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water. • Water is a polar molecule. • Polar molecules have slightly charged regions. • Nonpolar molecules do not have charged regions. • Hydrogen bonds form between slightly positive    hydrogen atoms and slightly negative atoms.

  4. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for three important properties of water. • high specific heat • cohesion • adhesion

  5. solution Many compounds dissolve in water. • A solution is formed when one substance dissolves in another. • A solution is a homogeneous mixture. • Solvents dissolve other substances. • Solutes dissolve in a solvent.

  6. Solvent, Solute, Solution

  7. solution - salt watersolvent - watersolute - saltsolution - lemonadesolvent - watersolute - lemonade mixsolution - hot chocolatesolvent - watersolute - hot chocolate mix Give an Example… Chocolate square -- solute Saliva—solvent Liquid chocolate in mouth mixed in saliva-solution

  8. Water is called the universal solvent…. because, given enough time, it will dissolve just about anything. • There are two main factors that increase how fast something will dissolve: agitation and temperature.

  9. Polar solvents dissolve polar solutes. • Nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. • Polar substances and nonpolar substances generally remain separate. • “Like dissolves like.” solution - salt watersolvent - watersolute - saltsolution - lemonadesolvent - watersolute - lemonade mixsolution - hot chocolatesolvent - watersolute - hot chocolate mix Chocolate square -- solute Saliva—solvent Liquid chocolate in mouth mixed in saliva-solution

  10. One more thing… • For a solvent to break down a solute, it must be in contact with the surface area of the solute. The more surface area the solvent is exposed to, the quicker it can break down the solute. So cocoa mix breaks down faster than a solid piece of chocolate melting in hot milk.

  11. stomach acid pH between 1 and 3 more acidic Some compounds form acids or bases. • An acid releases a hydrogen ion when it dissolves in water. • high H+ concentration • pH less than 7

  12. bile pH between 8 and 9 more basic • low H+ concentration • pH greater than 7 • A base removes hydrogen ions from a solution.

  13. pure water pH 7 • A neutral solution has a pH of 7.

More Related