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Log on to RCRAInfo Testing/Development Database

Learn how to log on to the RCRAInfo testing/development database and select the default folder/working library. Use SQL*Plus login, select file/open, and select a file to set a link.

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Log on to RCRAInfo Testing/Development Database

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  1. How to log on to the RCRAInfo testing/development database

  2. SELECT DEFAULT FOLDER/WORKING LIBRARY • From SQL*Plus login • Select File/Open • Select file to set link

  3. BASIC QUERY SELECT … column name(s) FROM …table name(s) WHERE …(condition) GROUP BY …(grouping multiple rows into one row) ORDER BY …(specific order) Whenever you have a SELECT, you must also have a FROM clause

  4. Creating Reports and Group Summaries column Penalty_Amt head 'Penalty|Amount' for $9,999,999,999,999.99 column penalty_type head 'Penalty|Type' format a12 column activity_location head 'Activity|Location' format a17 set linesize 80 set pagesize 200 ttitle 'Total Penalties based on Activity Location' break on activity_location on report spool penaltysum.txt Select activity_location, penalty_type, sum(penalty_amount) Penalty_Amt from cpenalty3 group by activity_location, penalty_type / spool off Fri Jul 22 page 1 Total Penalties based on Activity Location Activity Penalty Penalty Location Type Amount ----------------- ------------ ------------------ AK FMP $17,672,082.00 PMP $11,903,384.00 AL FMP $28,604,528.22 FSC $399,723.00 PMP $33,236,869,382.00 SCR $87,678.00 AR FMP $4,006,217.40 FSC $928,356.16 PMP $14,265,026.00

  5. REM LIST LAST INSPECTED column city format a15 column county format a15 column evaluation_type head 'EVAL|TYPE' format a9 column handler_name format a30 set linesize 100 set wrap off ttitle ' LAST DATE INSPECTED ' spool last_inspected.txt SELECT DISTINCT TO_CHAR(A.EVALUATION_START_DATE, 'DD-MON-YYYY') "EVAL DATE", A.EVALUATION_TYPE, A.AGENCY, HB.HANDLER_ID "FACILITY ID", HB.HANDLER_NAME "FACILITY NAME", H.LOCATION_CITY CITY, C.COUNTY_NAME COUNTY FROM HBASIC HB, HHANDLER2 H, CEVALUATION3 A, LU_COUNTY C WHERE ( ((HB.STATE = '&&XSTATE') and (HB.HANDLER_ID = H.HANDLER_ID) and (HB.STATE = H.ACTIVITY_LOCATION) and (H.COUNTY_CODE = C.COUNTY_CODE) and (H.COUNTY_OWNER = C.OWNER) /*Rownum limits execution for testing */ and (ROWNUM < 20 ) ) and ((HB.HANDLER_ID = A.HANDLER_ID(+)) and (HB.STATE = A.ACTIVITY_LOCATION(+)) AND (EVALUATION_START_DATE < '&FDATE') AND EVALUATION_START_DATE = /*Selects the highest Inspection date */ (SELECT MAX(EVALUATION_START_DATE) FROM CEVALUATION3 B WHERE A.ACTIVITY_LOCATION = '&&XSTATE' AND A.HANDLER_ID = B.HANDLER_ID))) ORDER BY HB.HANDLER_ID / undefine xstate spool off

  6. Tue Jul 26 page 1 LAST DATE INSPECTED EVAL EVAL DATE TYPE A FACILITY ID FACILITY NAME CITY ----------------- --------- - ------------ ---------------------------------------- --------------- 10-DEC-2003 CEI E FLD003952033 MOSAIC FERTILIZER LLC BARTOW 02-JUL-2002 CAV S FLD040867699 G E GENERATORS PENSACOLA LLC PENSACOLA 17-JUL-2000 CEI X FLD057512741 HORDIS BROTHERS INC TAMPA 08-DEC-2003 CEI E FLD064696107 MOSAIC FERTILIZER LLC TAMPA 18-JUL-2000 CEI E FLR000017459 FUTRONIX INC HOMOSASSA 05-JUL-2002 CEI S FLR000021659 BODREE PRINTING CO INC PENSACOLA 07-SEP-1999 SNN S FLR000031161 SOVEREIGN AMERICA INC PORT RICHEY 09-SEP-2002 SNN S FLR000032938 FLORIDA MIRROR TAMARAC 24-NOV-2003 CSE S FLR000046508 BEST USED PARTS II ORLANDO 05-JUL-2002 SNN S FLR000088443 MUSIC MASTERS TALLAHASSEE 10 rows selected.

  7. JOINS Combines columns and data from two or more tables. The tables are listed in the FROM clause and the relationship between the tables in specified in the WHERE clause. Select … from table_1, table_2 where table_1.column_name = table_2.column_name; If you omit the where clause you will create a Cartesian product. A Cartesian product always generates a result of: (number of rows from tbl1) * (number of rows from tbl2) Example: tbl1 has 200 rows tbl2 has 200 rows Cartesian product result = 200 * 200 = 40,000 rows An INNER JOIN only selects data where the record exists in both tables. WHERE (H.HANDLER_ID = C.HANDLER_ID) An OUTER JOIN will select data where the record exists in both tables or when the JOINfromrecord exists but theto side record does not exist. WHERE (H.HANDLER_ID = C.HANDLER_ID(+))

  8. Inner Join Examples column viol_type_own format a13 column former_citation format a25 column determined_date format a15 column violation_type_desc format a55 set linesize 150 spool inner_joint.txt select distinct v3.handler_id, v3.violation_type_owner, v3.violation_type, vt.violation_type_desc, v3.former_citation, v3.determined_date from cviolation3 v3, lu_violation_type vt where v3.violation_type_owner = vt.owner and v3.violation_type = vt.violation_type order by handler_id; spool off HANDLER_ID VIOLATION_ VIOLATION_TYPE_DESC FORMER_CITATION DETERMINED_DATE ------------ ---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- --------------- AK0000007906 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 20-SEP-91 AK0000007922 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 261.5(g)(3) 21-SEP-04 AK0000007922 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 279.22 21-SEP-04 AK0000007922 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 26-AUG-93 AK0000007922 262.C Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: Pre-Transport FR - 40 CFR 273.15(c) 21-SEP-04 Requirements AK0000009852 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 16-NOV-93 AK0000010447 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 15-AUG-90 AK0000033902 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 15-SEP-93 AK0000033910 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 22-SEP-93 AK0000075812 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 17-DEC-91 AK0000084020 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 28-FEB-94 AK0000084020 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General 28-APR-94 AK0000094888 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 270.1(c) 02-AUG-00 AK0000094888 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 279.12(a) 02-AUG-00 AK0000094888 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 279.12(b) 02-AUG-00 AK0000094888 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 279.61(a) 02-AUG-00

  9. column viol_type_own format a13 column former_citation format a25 column handler_name format a40 column violation_type_desc format a55 set linesize 150 spool inner_join2.txt select distinct v3.handler_id, hu3.handler_name, v3.violation_type, vt.violation_type_desc, v3.former_citation from cviolation3 v3, lu_violation_type vt, hreport_univ3 hu3 where v3.violation_type_owner = vt.owner and v3.violation_type = vt.violation_type and v3.handler_id = hu3.handler_id and v3.activity_location = hu3.activity_location order by handler_id / spool off HANDLER_ID HANDLER_NAME VIOLATION_ VIOLATION_TYPE_DESC FORMER_CITATION ------------ ---------------------------------------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------- AK0000007906 ALASKA ST OF LEGISLATIVE AFFAIRS PRINTIN 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General AK0000007922 ALASKA RAILROAD CORP FAIRBANKS YD 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 261.5(g)(3) AK0000007922 ALASKA RAILROAD CORP FAIRBANKS YD 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General FR - 40 CFR 279.22 AK0000007922 ALASKA RAILROAD CORP FAIRBANKS YD 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General AK0000007922 ALASKA RAILROAD CORP FAIRBANKS YD 262.C Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: Pre-Transport FR - 40 CFR 273.15(c) AK0000009852 REFUGE COVE MARINA 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General AK0000010447 USDOT CG JUNEAU STA 262.A Standards Applicable to Generators of HW: General

  10. Outer Join Example Can evaluations with no violations be shown also? select e.handler_id, e.activity_location, e.evaluation_seq, e.evaluation_start_date, e.agency, e.evaluation_type, e.found_violation, l.violation_handler_id, l.violation_activity_location, l.violation_seq, l.violation_determined_by_agency from cevaluation3 e, cln_evaluation_violation3 l where e.HANDLER_ID = 'ALD000622464' and e.evaluation_start_date >= '01-Jan-2003' and e.handler_id = l.evaluation_handler_id(+) and e.activity_location = l.evaluation_activity_location(+) and e.evaluation_seq = l.evaluation_seq(+) and e.evaluation_start_date = l.evaluation_start_date(+) and e.agency = l.evaluation_agency(+);

  11. Fri Jul 22page 1Evaluations with NO Violations HANDLER_ID AC EVA EVALUATIO A EVA FOUND_VIOLATION VIOLATION_HA VI VIOLATION_SEQ V ------------ -- --- --------- - --- --------------- ------------ -- ------------- - ALD000622464 AL 001 25-MAR-03 X CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 44 X ALD000622464 AL 001 25-MAR-03 X CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 45 X ALD000622464 AL 001 25-MAR-03 X CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 46 X ALD000622464 AL 001 26-MAR-03 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 157 S ALD000622464 AL 001 26-MAR-03 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 158 S ALD000622464 AL 001 26-MAR-03 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 159 S ALD000622464 AL 001 26-MAR-03 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 160 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 07-AUG-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 02-SEP-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 04-SEP-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 19-JAN-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 30-JAN-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 08-MAR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 22-MAR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 161 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 162 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 163 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 164 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 165 S

  12. Fri Jul 22page 2 Evaluations with NO Violations HANDLER_ID AC EVA EVALUATIO A EVA FOUND_VIOLATION VIOLATION_HA VI VIOLATION_SEQ V ------------ -- --- --------- - --- --------------- ------------ -- ------------- - ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 166 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 167 S ALD000622464 AL 001 06-APR-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 168 S ALD000622464 AL 001 15-APR-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 22-APR-04 S OAM N ALD000622464 AL 001 30-APR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 17-MAY-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 28-JUN-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 13-AUG-04 S FCI N ALD000622464 AL 001 24-SEP-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 169 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 170 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 171 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 172 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 173 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 174 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 175 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 176 S ALD000622464 AL 001 30-NOV-04 S CEI Y ALD000622464 AL 177 S ALD000622464 AL 002 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 17-FEB-04 S NRR N

  13. Fri Jul 22page 3 Evaluations with NO Violations HANDLER_ID AC EVA EVALUATIO A EVA FOUND_VIOLATION VIOLATION_HA VI VIOLATION_SEQ V ------------ -- --- --------- - --- --------------- ------------ -- ------------- - ALD000622464 AL 002 30-APR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 17-MAY-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 003 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 003 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 004 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 004 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 005 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 005 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 006 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 007 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 312 08-MAR-04 S NRR N 53 rows selected.

  14. Handler Id ALD000622464 column act_loc format a7 column eval_seq format a7 column eval_start_date format a12 column eval_type format a9 spool not_exists.txt select e.handler_id, e.activity_location act_loc, e.evaluation_seq eval_seq, e.evaluation_start_date eval_start_date, e.agency, e.evaluation_type eval_type from cevaluation3 e where e.HANDLER_ID = 'ALD000622464' and e.evaluation_start_date >= '01-Jan-2003' and not exists (select * from cln_evaluation_violation3 l where e.handler_id = l.evaluation_handler_id and e.activity_location = l.evaluation_activity_location and e.evaluation_seq = l.evaluation_seq and e.evaluation_start_date = l.evaluation_start_date and e.agency = l.evaluation_agency) / spool off

  15. HANDLER_ID ACT_LOC EVAL_SE EVAL_START_D A EVAL_TYPE FOUND_VIOLATION ------------ ------- ------- ------------ - --------- --------------- ALD000622464 AL 001 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 07-AUG-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 02-SEP-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 04-SEP-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 19-JAN-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 30-JAN-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 08-MAR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 22-MAR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 15-APR-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 22-APR-04 S OAM N ALD000622464 AL 001 30-APR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 17-MAY-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 28-JUN-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 001 13-AUG-04 S FCI N ALD000622464 AL 001 24-SEP-04 S FRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 30-APR-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 002 17-MAY-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 003 30-MAY-03 S NRR N HANDLER_ID ACT_LOC EVAL_SE EVAL_START_D A EVAL_TYPE FOUND_VIOLATION ------------ ------- ------- ------------ - --------- --------------- ALD000622464 AL 003 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 004 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 004 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 005 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 005 17-FEB-04 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 006 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 007 30-MAY-03 S NRR N ALD000622464 AL 312 08-MAR-04 S NRR N 29 rows selected.

  16. SUBQUERIES A query used within another query. Data from subquery is not displayed. Select … from … where … (subquery …) Subqueries always performed first and results are passed back to main query.

  17. select ceg.cnt ceg, sqg.cnt sqg, lqg.cnt lqg from (select count(*) cnt from (select handler_id, handler_name, genstatus from hreport_univ3 where genstatus = 'CEG') ) ceg, (select count(*) cnt from (select handler_id, handler_name, genstatus from hreport_univ3 where genstatus = 'SQG') ) sqg, (select count(*) cnt from (select handler_id, handler_name, genstatus from hreport_univ3 where genstatus = 'LQG') ) lqg / CEG SQG LQG --------- --------- --------- 171009 179747 34284 select count(*) from (select distinct h.region, e.fk_hbasichandler_id id, e.responsible_agency from aevent e, hreport_univ3 h where e.fk_lu_ca_eventca_event_code like 'CA725%' and to_number(to_char(e.actual_date,'J')) = (select max(to_number(to_char(e2.actual_date,'J'))) from aevent e2 where e2.fk_hbasichandler_id = e.fk_hbasichandler_id and e2.fk_lu_ca_eventca_event_code = e.fk_lu_ca_eventca_event_code) and e.responsible_agency in ('E', 'S') -- join to hr and e.fk_hbasichandler_id = h.handler_id and e.activity_location = h.activity_location and gpra_ca = 'Y') / COUNT(*) --------------- 1820

  18. select e. handler_id, e.activity_location, e.enforcement_seq, e.enforcement_date, e.agency, e.enforcement_type_owner, e.enforcement_type from cenforcement3 e where ( ( (e.enforcement_type between '0' and '399') or (e.enforcement_type between '500' and '699') or (e.enforcement_type between '800' and '809') or (e.enforcement_type between '811' and '999') or (e.enforcement_type between '700' and '799' and exists (select p.handler_id, p.activity_location, p.enforcement_seq, p.enforcement_date, p.agency, p.penalty_type_owner, p.penalty_type from cpenalty3 p where e.handler_id=p.handler_id and e.activity_location=activity_location and e.enforcement_seq=p.enforcement_seq and e.enforcement_date=p.enforcement_date and e. agency =p.agency and p.penalty_type='FA') )) ) and exists (select t.owner, t.enforcement_type from lu_enforcement_type t where t.owner = e.enforcement_type_owner and t.enforcement_type = e.enforcement_type and t.usage in (‘0’,'1','3','5','7‘,’9’) ) and exists (select h.handler_id from hbasic h where e.handler_id = h.handler_id and h.extract_flag='X') 400 series (Civil/Judicial Referrals ) – enforcement sensitive and will only be released once the violations they are linked to have a civil/judicial action (500 series indicates that the case has been filed in court.

  19. HANDLER_ID ACT_LOC ENF_SEQ ENF_DATE A ENF_TYPE_OW ENF_TYPE ------------ ------- ------- --------- - ---------- -------- TXD982759797 TX 003 10-NOV-04 S TX 211 TXD982758930 TX 003 04-OCT-04 S TX 211 TXD980808778 TX 003 18-JUN-03 S TX 211 TXD091882035 TX 004 23-DEC-03 S TX 211 TXD070133319 TX 003 22-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXR000032656 TX 004 15-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXR000014779 TX 003 03-SEP-04 S TX 211 TXR000012013 TX 003 12-AUG-04 S TX 211 TXR000010678 TX 003 06-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXD987992690 TX 011 03-AUG-04 S TX 211 TXD980864078 TX 005 30-AUG-04 S TX 211 TXR000004986 TX 003 30-AUG-04 S TX 211 TXD988064804 TX 003 17-SEP-03 S TX 211 TXD091882035 TX 005 23-DEC-03 S TX 211 TXD080271398 TX 003 02-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXD070133319 TX 004 22-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXD067285973 TX 019 30-AUG-04 S TX 211 TX3213820738 TX 001 14-APR-04 S TX 211 TXD000820274 TX 001 12-JAN-04 S TX 211 TXR000027508 TX 001 24-FEB-04 S TX 211 TXR000032656 TX 003 15-JUL-04 S TX 211 TXD987992690 TX 009 03-AUG-04 S TX 211 TXD055141378 TX 092 14-JUN-04 S TX 211 TXD000835157 TX 003 02-APR-04 S TX 211 TXD040407736 TX 001 04-DEC-03 S TX 211

  20. Some Tips Use table aliases in your query. Different queries can return the same result. Experiment for best performance. Only ask for what you need. Know the characteristics (size, number of records) of your tables. Style is important. If it is readable, it will be reusable.

  21. Editing Commands Command Description APPEND text Adds text to the end of the current line. CHANGE/ old / new /old / new / Changes old text to new in the current line. DEL Deletes current line. INPUT Inserts an indefinite number of lines. INPUT text Inserts a line consisting of text. LIST Lists all lines in the SQL buffer. N Specifies the line to make the current line. 0 text Inserts a line before line 1. File Commands Command Description SAVE filename.ext Save contents of SQL buffer to a file. If no file name is specified, the buffer is saved to afied.buf. START filename.ext Runs a previously saved file. RUN Displays and runs the current SQL statement in the buffer. "@filename.ext" Runs a previously saved file. EDIT filename.ext Invokes the editor to edit contents of a saved file. If no file name is specified, the contents of the SQL buffer is saved and then edited in file afiedt.buf. Environment Commands Command Description SET ECHO {ON|OFF} Display SQL statement along with SQL statement results. SET FEEDBACK {ON|OFF} Display the number of records returned by a query. SET HEADING {ON|OFF} Display column headings with SQL statement results. SET LINESIZE n Set the number characters per line to n. SET PAGESIZE n Set the number of lines per page to n. SET TERMOUT {ON|OFF} Display output on screen SET VERIFY {ON|OFF} Display the text of a command before and after it replaces a substitution variable with values.

  22. Input/Output Commands Command Description SPOOL filename.ext Send output to a file. SPOOL {OFF|OUT} OFF closes the SPOOL file. OUT closes the spool file and sends the output to the system printer. &user_variable If user_variable does not exist, SQL*Plus will prompt for a value.SQL*Plus immediately discards it when used. &&user_variable If user_variable does not exist, SQL*Plus will prompt for a value only once and will store the value for reuse. DEFINE Display all user variables. DEFINE variable = value Creates a CHAR type user variable and assigns the value to it. ACCEPT variable {PROMPT text} Prompts the user with text then accepts the user input and assigns the value to variable. UNDEFINE variable Discards the specified variable. VARIABLE variable datatype Creates a variable of the type datatype. PRINT variable Displays the value of variable. Format Commands Command Description COLUMN Displays settings for all columns. COLUMN column CLEAR Clears all settings for the specified column. COLUMN column {HEADING text} Sets the column heading and justification. Specifies a format. {JUSTIFY align} {FORMAT format} for the column results and text to be displayed in place of null values. {NULL text} TTITLE text Specifies text as a header to be placed at the top of each page. BTITLE text Specifies text as a footer to appear at the bottom of each page. BREAK Displays breaks for all columns. CLEAR BREAK Clears all breaks. BREAK {ON report_element} Set break to suppress display of duplicate values for the specified report_element. Other Commands Command Description HOST command Executes an operating system command from within SQL*Plus. DESCRIBE tablename Lists the names, status, and datatypes of columns for a table.

  23. QUESTIONS?

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