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MPW 1153: Moral Studies

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MPW 1153: Moral Studies

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    1. MPW 1153: Moral Studies Week 10: Judaism and Christianity

    2. Judaism History and Main Teachings Ethical Teaching Strengths Weaknesses

    6. History God creates the World God calls Abraham Jacob Moses & Egypt The Covenant Rules and laws The Torah Wilderness The Mishkan The Kings – Solomon’s Temple

    7. History of Israel (con’t) Moral failures Exile by Assyria and Babylon Destruction of 1st Temple Return from Exile Adherence to laws Building of 2nd Temple Rebel against Roman rule 2nd Exile World War 2 Genocide of the nation Global refugee crisis Return from Exile and ‘Re-formation’ of the Nation

    8. 1. Oldest Monotheistic Religion still in existence

    9. 2. The Creator God is looking for friends

    10. 3. The Nation of Israel tells the story of man’s struggle against God, and God’s blessing of man

    13. 6. After long periods of ignoring God and His Commands of Life, eventually, there are repercussions

    14. 7. There is restoration and forgiveness if people repent from their ways and return to God

    15. 8. But the people still chose to reject life and crucified God’s Final Prophet – Jesus Christ

    16. 9. In exile, God’s people faced persecution, harassment and genocide

    17. 10. God restores and brings His people back. Israel has been fighting for survival ever since

    18. Ethical Teaching “Don’t do unto others what you don’t want them to do unto you.” Adherence to the Ten Commandments and 613 laws (eventually 70-80) after the 2nd Temple was destroyed Study of the Torah

    19. The Ten Commandments You shall love the Lord your God and Him only shall you serve You shall NOT make any other idols You shall NOT take God’s name lightly You shall keep the Sabbath (rest) day You shall honor your parents You shall NOT murder You shall NOT commit adultery You shall NOT steal You shall NOT tell lies You shall NOT covet (want) what your neighbor has

    20. What is the heart of Jewish Ethics? “He has shown you, O mankind, what is good: and what does the Lord require of you? But to act JUSTLY, love MERCY, and walk humbly before your God.” Micah 6:8

    21. What is required for life?

    22. In essence… Relationship with God the Creator is important Knowing the Creator means knowing His Word The Creator shows His wisdom in human history But the nation has had a very painful history And Jews are still struggling to follow God’s commands today, and to understand His ways

    23. Strengths No other civilization begun at the same time as Judaism has survived Jewish race been blessed and continues to ‘bless’ humanity (ie. all spheres of society) Deep devotion to their Scriptures One of the oldest religions in the world, introduced ‘ethical monotheism’ Forms the basis of values for secular Western ethics

    24. Weaknesses Only those descended (by birth) from the Jews can be ‘true Jews’ and be blessed by God directly Strict adherence to the Laws required Subject to intense persecution till this day. Constantly under threat because of who they are Does not encourage people to become Jews

    25. Christianity

    26. Main topics Introduction

    27. Essential Ideas Worships the same God as the Jews- the Creator who made the Heavens and the Earth Believes that God is a personal, moral being who gave a bit of His moral essence to us After mankind has proven to himself that he is unable to keep God’s Commands, God sends His own Son, Jesus Christ, a Jew, to fulfill all the requirements of God’s commands, so that mankind can depend on Him to save them Jesus Christ becomes the supreme sacrifice by taking on the responsibility of all the sins of the world- enough to kill a GOD- and overcomes the Power of Sin and Death over mankind by being raised back to life Now all who put their lives in His hands will be saved

    28. “Upgraded” version of Judaism God reveals His complete plan for mankind, through His Son God reveals that His plan of blessing and knowledge is opened to all mankind through Jesus Christ, who fulfills all the requirements of the Torah Because Jesus fulfilled all requirements, He is a worthy sacrifice and worthy Redeemer of the human race

    29. Resolving the Human Condition Looking upon Jesus to save mankind of its sin No human effort will be able to redeem ourselves Example of the Bronze snake

    30. Ethical Teaching Love your enemies Let your enemies take advantage of you Do not resist an evil person Bless those who curse you Forgive those who do evil to you Love altruistically (sacrificially) “There is no greater love than this, that a man lays down his life for his friend.” To give with no expectation of return/benefit

    31. What is required for life?

    32. Jesus, the Lamb of God Only way God makes right our broken moral relationships

    34. Jesus Christ will return to Earth as a reigning King…

    35. Strengths A humanitarian religion (Mother Teresa, Martin Luther King Jr., Abraham Lincoln, etc.) No need to ‘work’ (through actions/meditations) to gain ‘Moksha/Nirvana/Syurga’ Emphasis on forgiveness and selfless living/giving God solves the Human Condition for man Continues the Abrahamic promise of blessing of all mankind Open to all

    36. Weaknesses Open to great abuses Crusades/Child molestation ‘Unfair’ forgiveness Misusing of Jesus’ name Many different ‘denominations’ Believers take their ‘easy’ faith for granted High standard of sacrifice needed

    37. Conclusion Other ethical systems are inadequate to thoroughly address the deep nature of the Human Condition Judaism introduces mankind to the Creator God Christianity shows us the Creator in the flesh Possessing a religious ethic will help to establish an added dimension to moral/ethical reasoning

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