Juvenile Justice Funding in Washington State

1. Juvenile Justice Funding in Washington State Minnesota Juvenile Justice Forum June 19, 2008 Elizabeth K. Drake Washington State Institute for Public Policy www.wsipp.wa.gov ekdrake@wsipp.wa.gov 360.586.2767

2. Washington State Institute for Public Policy • Created in 1983 by the state Legislature • Mission: Carry out non-partisan research on projects assigned either by the legislature or the Institute’s Board of Directors. • 8 legislators • 4 higher education provosts or presidents • 4 state agency directors 1 of 14

3. Other Funds Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ Overview CJAA $ Presentation Outline • Discuss funding of Washington State’s juvenile justice system. 2 of 14

4. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned Overview CJAA $ Juvenile Justice System in WA • Determinate sentencing since 1977. • Current offense • Criminal history • Decentralized system • County - juvenile court, detention, probation • State - juvenile correctional institutions, parole; distributes state funds to counties (Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration, JRA) 3 of 14

5. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned Overview CJAA $ Two Types of Funding • Consolidated Juvenile Services (CJS) • Block grant initiated in 1981 to assist counties in developing programs based on local priorities. • Counties apply for funding and must include a plan of services. • Evidence-based initiative funding • Several evidence-based funding sources. • Programs cost-effectively reduce recidivism. 4 of 14

6. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Initiative • Began in 1995 after outcome evaluation results of intensive supervision program are not good. • Community Juvenile Accountability Act (CJAA) was passed in 1997. • Goal: Reduce crime, cost-effectively, by establishing “research-based” programs in the juvenile court. 5 of 14

7. EPB Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview CJAA • A CJAA committee was established. • Representatives include WA Association of Juvenile Court Administrators, JRA, and the Institute. • Institute conducted a meta-analysis to identify programs that reduce recidivism. 6 of 14

8. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview CJAA • Four CJAA programs were selected. • Functional Family Therapy (FFT) • Aggression Replacement Training (ART) • Coordination of Services (COS) • Multi-Systemic Therapy (MST) • JRA oversees the funds for CJAA programs. • Counties submit proposals and are awarded money through a grant process. 7 of 14

9. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Public Policy Options to Reduce Future Prison Construction (2006). • Evidence-based program (EBP). • Institute was directed to: • Determine the net fiscal savings of implementing evidence-based programs. • Project the fiscal impacts under alternative scenarios. 8 of 14

10. EPB Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Institute Findings • Many juvenile justice options produce favorable long-run economic returns. • Ability to reduce need for up to two prisons if an aggressive portfolio of evidence-based options were implemented. What happened next?.... 9 of 14

11. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Expansion Funds • In 2007, the Legislature expanded funding for evidence-based programs by $26.2 million. • Investment includes adult and juvenile justice programs and early learning. • $8.3 million were for juvenile programs. • One future prison was eliminated from agenda. 10 of 14

12. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Expansion Funds • Juvenile justice programs include: • Aggression Replacement Training • Coordination of Services • Drug courts • Family Integrated Transitions • Functional Family Therapy • Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care • Multi-systemic Therapy • Victim offender mediation for low-risk youth 11 of 14

13. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Where are we now? • JRA is responsible for administering expansion funds to counties through a grant application process. • Beginning to track implementation of the agencies, including JRA and the juvenile courts, to determine the State’s progress. 12 of 14

14. Other Funds Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ CJAA $ Overview Reinvesting in Youth (RIY) • In 2006, the Institute conducted a meta-analysis to determine what works in juvenile justice. • Counties (5) are reimbursed for the following evidence-based programs: ART, FFT, and MST. • Funds administered by JRA through a grant application process (FY 07-09: $1.4 million). • State pays 69 percent with county match at 31 percent. 13 of 14

15. Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Overview CJAA $ • The market of qualified treatment providers varies with the geography of the state. • Evidence-based initiatives can be expensive up-front, but they produce favorable long-run economic returns. • Motivated leaders who believe in evidence-based options. 14 of 14

16. Thank you!