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Understanding the Lymphatic System and Digestive Processes

Explore the intricate functions of the lymphatic system, including immunity processes, and delve into the digestive system's crucial roles in mechanical and chemical digestion, enzyme secretion, and nutrient absorption.

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Understanding the Lymphatic System and Digestive Processes

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  1. Lymphatic System • Functions: • Returns fluids to the cardiovascular system • Houses and transports lymphocytes • Transport lipids • Consists of: • Lymph (the fluid) • Vessels (capillaries, collecting vessels, trunks, ducts) • Leukocytes • Tissues (including MALT) • Organs (nodes, tonsils, spleen, thymus)

  2. Immunity Two parts working together: Nonspecific (Innate) Immunity & Specific (Adaptive) Immunity • Nonspecific Defenses – Present at Birth • Designed to prevent any pathogenic microbes • from entering or growing inside body • First Line of Defense • Skin • Mucous Membranes • Other (tears, saliva, sebum, acidity) • Second Line of Defense • Cells (Phagocytes, Non-phagocytes) • B. Inflammation • C. Antimicrobial Proteins (Complement, Interferon) • D. Fever

  3. Immunity (Cont.) • Specific Defenses – Develops due to memory cells • after an immune response Designed to prevent • harm to the body from a exposure to specific • pathogens • Humoral (Antibody-Mediated) = • production of antibodies by B cells • (particularly good for microbes in • body fluids) Antibodies circulate in body fluids and bind to antigens marking them for destruction

  4. Immunity (Cont.) Specific Defenses (cont.) Cellular (Cell-Mediated) = T cells directly attack the microbe (particularly good for microbes hiding inside cells

  5. Digestive System Processes:

  6. Digestive System (cont.) Mechanically digestion (mastication) & chemical digestion (starch) Secretes saliva into mouth which starts break down of starch Mechanically digestion (churning) & chemical digestion (protein) Produces bile & secretes it to gallbladder Stores bile & secretes it to duodenum Secretes enzymes into the duodenum Uses brush border enzymes, pancreatic enzymes and bile to chemically digest food, absorbs nutrients Absorbs water & vitamins and eliminates wastes

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