The French Revolution

1. The French Revolution Insert image(s) here

2. Classes of People in France

3. First Estate • Clergy • Most wealthy • Personally owned 10% of the land • Used Church land for personal profit • Paid little taxes

4. Second Estate • Nobles • 2% of population • Wealthy land owners • Paid little or no taxes

5. Third Estate • 97% of population • Several Classes • Bourgeoisie: merchants and artisans • Laborers • Peasants (80% of the Third Estate) • Paid 1/2 of their income to taxes Insert image(s) here

6. Three Estates Second Estate-Nobles First Estate-Clergy Third Estate-Everyone Else

7. Louis XVI Insert image(s) here Insert image(s) here

8. Marie Antoinette Insert image(s) here Insert image(s) here “Let Them Eat Cake …..” Letter to Mom

9. Condition of the treasury • Old debt-Country Bankrupt • American Revolution and foreign wars • Solutions: • Tax Nobles or • Call the Estates General

10. Meeting of the Estates-General Insert image(s) here

11. You call this voting?Estates General (175 years ago) • Each estate gets 1 vote • 1st and 2nd Estate vote as block • Third Estate (97% of population) No Power Meet in separate rooms and each “group” gets one vote … Vote always 2-1

12. Third Estate • Wants to change rules of the Estates General • Locked out of the Estates-General by King • Adjourn to Indoor Tennis Court-take oath to stand together

13. The Tennis Court Oath • Oath to stick together until they draw up a new constitution • Call themselves the National Assembly • First act of Revolution • End of absolute monarchy Insert image(s) here

14. “Yes, but ….” • Louis 16th: • Agrees to new constitution • One Man-One Vote -anything to get that tax money However… Louis 16th sends Army to Paris- Assembly sees a threat.

15. Storming The Bastille • Take control of the prison (few prisoners inside) • Symbol of “people power” • Bastille Day- July 14 (1789) Insert image(s) here

16. Great Fear • Women’s March-(the Bread March) on Versailles • Louis 16th and family forced to move to Paris

17. Declaration

18. When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature and of Nature's God entitle them, a decent respect to the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation

19. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. that to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed

20. That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government.

21. Declaration of Rights of Man • Signed by National Assembly (August 26) • Natural rights are: • life, liberty, property • Want limited constitutional monarch • With Legislative Assembly Insert image(s) here

22. The representatives of the French people, organized as a National Assembly, believing that the ignorance, neglect, or contempt of the rights of man are the sole cause of public calamities and of the corruption of governments, have determined to set forth in a solemn declaration the natural, unalienable, and sacred rights of man, in order that this declaration, being constantly before all the members of the Social body, shall remind them continually of their rights and duties;

23. in order that the acts of the legislative power, as well as those of the executive power, may be compared at any moment with the objects and purposes of all political institutions and may thus be more respected, and, lastly, in order that the grievances of the citizens, based hereafter upon simple and incontestable principles, shall tend to the maintenance of the constitution and redound to the happiness of all. Therefore the National Assembly recognizes and proclaims, in the presence and under the auspices of the Supreme Being, the following rights of man and of the citizen:

24. Louis XVI & Marie Antoinette • Try to escape to Austria (June 1791) • Captured and returned to Paris Insert image(s) here

25. “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” “LA MARSEILLAISE” Words

26. Split into factions: Radicals Sans Culottes Jacobins Marat Robespierre Danton Moderates Girondists Conservatives Emigres (returning nobles/escapees)

27. War • Austria fears Radicals • Royals in dangers • Fears Revolution threat to monarchies Insert image(s) here “Don’t hurt our Marie Antoinette or we’ll sack Paris” says Austria!

28. More War England Prussia • France v. Austria • Prussia supports Austria (they have a king to protect) • Later: England, Spain and Holland will side with Austria against France Holland France Spain Austria

29. Government Transition • Communetakes control …. Radical government. Elects new body:National Convention Insert image(s) here Primary Source

30. Poor Ol’ Marat • Newspaper editor and speech writer • Pursued by King • Committee of Public Safety Insert image(s) here

31. Charlotte Corday • Brother death ordered by Marat • Killed Marat in the bathtub • David’s painting- “The Death of Marat” Insert image(s) here

32. Meet the Mob • Riots in France • The September Massacres-1000s of “Royalists” -murdered • Louis is tried, convicted, and beheaded Insert image(s) here

33. The Guillotine Insert image(s) here Insert image(s) here Mr. Guillotin

34. Robespierre • Wants to erase all signs of the monarchy • Leader of Committee of Public Safety • Reign of Terror • Mad with power Insert image(s) here

35. Bye Bye Robespierre • Beheaded by National Convention • Wants less radical reforms • Become theDirectory ( weak and ineffective)

36. Changing of the guard …. • Third Estate • Estates General • National Assembly • Commune • National Convention • Committee of Public Safety • Directory Insert image(s) here

37. Coming Soon ... Insert image(s) here