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Surah al Baqarah

Surah al Baqarah. Ayahs 83 – 91. RECAP AND OUTLINE. Last 2 weeks, we finished half of Juz 1 Alhamdulillah Now, many commands for the Bani Israel and for us Ayahs 83-88 Roots, Translation, Tafseer Reflections. AYAH 83

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Surah al Baqarah

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  1. Surah al Baqarah Ayahs 83 – 91

  2. RECAP AND OUTLINE • Last 2 weeks, we finished half of Juz 1 Alhamdulillah • Now, many commands for the Bani Israel and for us • Ayahs 83-88 • Roots, Translation, Tafseer • Reflections

  3. AYAH 83 And [recall] when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, [enjoining upon them], "Do not worship except Allah ; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good [words] and establish prayer and give zakah." Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.

  4. Rights of people Rights of Allah and to parents do good Do not worship except Allah and to relatives We took the covenant and establish prayer and the orphans and give zakah and the needy And speak to people good and you were refusing Then you turned away, except a few of you

  5. Meethaaq • This is a covenant that lays responsibility; you’re binded • This particular covenant joined the Bani Israel with 8 clauses • A lot of similarities between these commands and with the ones we, as Muslims are given

  6. Roots • WaawLaamDaal– to give birth; to beget; over here, it refers to mother and father • Haa Seen Noon – to beautify something/your actions; its not Adl, which is simply justice. Doing something good in return, when someone else does something bad to you

  7. IHSAN

  8. How to do Ihsan?

  9. Du’a for Parents وَقُل رَّبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up [when I was] small." [Bani Israel: 23-24]

  10. Opposite of Ihsaan • Being rude, disrespectful to your parents • Person neither does ihsaan nor treats them harshly • Being indifferent, not talking at all • THIS IS ALSO NOT ALLOWED

  11. وَذِي الْقُرْبَى Those who are closest have the most right

  12. Close Relatives • Principle: the one who is the closest, has the most right • Sharing knowledge with your relatives • Visiting relatives; keeping in touch through social media • Through wealth; giving gifts “just because” not just for special occasions

  13. وَالْيَتَامَى

  14. Taking Care of Orphans • Responsibility of the Muslim community to give love to the orphans • Dealing with them gently (they might be from war torn countries) • Not oppressing the orphan • Protecting and taking care of the orphan’s wealth

  15. MASAKEEN

  16. وَقُولُواْ لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا Beauty - In Style (Gentle, soft, not rude, pitch, sarcasm, joking, whine, whisper) - In Content ( kind words, true, just, in a lang other person doesnt understand, clear, relevant speech,

  17. Rights of Allah and People • Establish salaah • Give zakaah • Reaction of the people: the majority of the people broke this promise and turned away • AainRaawDaawd: moving aside; turning away; you don’t feel any regret when turning around and leaving

  18. If we analyze ourselves in light of this ayah:How many of us take care of all these commands?

  19. LESSONS • We know our parents have done huge favors for us, but we can never return the favors so just do extra good • Parents do everything for their children out of happiness • How about parents who were or are abusive?  Exceptional cases; seek help but again can’t be abusive back to parents

  20. AYAH 84 And [recall] when We took your covenant, [saying], "Do not shed each other's blood or evict one another from your homes." Then you acknowledged [this] while you were witnessing.

  21. Ayah 85 • Seen FaaKaaf– they were forbidden to kill each other (it says “your” blood, because the blood of any other Muslim is like your own blood) • KhaawRaawJeem– to expel; deport; you’re not kicking yourself out of your home, but again, deporting another Muslim is like doing the same thing to yourself

  22. Requirements of a Covenant

  23. AYAH 85 Then, you are those [same ones who are] killing one another and evicting a party of your people from their homes, cooperating against them in sin and aggression. And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, although their eviction was forbidden to you. So do you believe in part of the Scripture and disbelieve in part? Then what is the recompense for those who do that among you except disgrace in worldly life; and on the Day of Resurrection they will be sent back to the severest of punishment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do.

  24. Roots • DhaawHaaRaaw– to back up one another; you’re cooperating with the disbelievers to kill the believers • HamzaThaaMeem– the state of not being interested in doing good  disobeying Allah SWT • AainDaalWaaw– enmity and oppression against the people and disobedience to Allah SWT

  25. Context • The defeated army used to be taken as prisoners, slaves or would be killed • When they fought their own people (which they weren’t supposed to be in the first place because the Ummah is one) and then they took prisoners (not supposed to do that either) and then ransomed them • Followed 1/3 of the commands  selective interpretation

  26. Clauses of the Covenant

  27. Consequences • JeemZaaiHamza– recompense; what should be the result for this crime except for Humiliation • Humiliation in which a person’s faults are exposed • QaafWaawMeem– 1. the entire humanity will stand that day; 2. witnesses will stand; 3. justice will stand that day • Also a severe punishment on the Day of Standing (Hell-fire)

  28. Lets Analyze! Do I only implement those commands that are a means of some personal benefit? OR Do I obey all of Allah’s commands? Does my heart accept the commands of Allah?

  29. Lessons Shedding blood is a great crime near Allah. To expel someone from their home is also forbidden To oppress, to exult above another is also disliked.

  30. Lessons To free the captives is a virtuous deed Denying one part of Deen = Denying Entire Deen; the entire Book must be followed: Being a slave to your desires not Allah All Our Deeds are Watched & Monitored all the Time

  31. AYAH 86 Those are the ones who have bought the life of this world [in exchange] for the Hereafter, so the punishment will not be lightened for them, nor will they be aided.

  32. Ayah 86 • Ishtarawu– preferring one over the other; when you buy a purse or hijaab, you are preferring that thing over your money • Buying the life of this world, and paying the Hereafter for it • KhaawFaaFaa– to lighten the burden; tangible and intangible. The punishment will not be reduced in its intensity or harm

  33. Ayah 86 • Noon SaawdRaaw– no one will be able to help on that Day • People in the Hell fire will tell the Angels, tell your Lord to terminate us; the angel will say: “You will remain” • This punishment isn’t for the disbelievers; its for those who follow some commands and leave some commands

  34. Lessons Don’t exchange Akhira for the glory, fame and praise Love of this world doesn’t let us submit to all the commands Disobeying Allah doesn’t get you what you want

  35. AYAH 87 And We did certainly give Moses the Torah and followed up after him with messengers. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit. But is it [not] that every time a messenger came to you, [O Children of Israel], with what your souls did not desire, you were arrogant? And a party [of messengers] you denied and another party you killed.

  36. Ayah 87 • QaafFaaWaw– spine; to go behind someone; to follow someone; coming in succession with no gaps in the middle • Sometimes more than one messenger at a time, so the Bani Israel were not just left with a book • Isa A.S. – messenger and miracle in one; he was born without a father and last messenger sent to the Bani Israel

  37. Ayah 87- Roots • Baa Yaa Noon – clear speech; that which is clear in itself; something that is presented by its evidence • 1. Given the Injeel • 2. Given miracles • 3. Strengthened with the help of Jibreel A.S. (Ruh)

  38. Ruh • RaawWawHaa • 1. Ruh of Isa A.S., which was pure; inclined to do good only • 2. Injeel – the scripture is called Ruh of the deen • 3. Angel Jibreel – (strongest opinion) was appointed to help Isa A.S. (Surah Nahr: 182) • Jibreel A.S. went everywhere with Isa A.S. because he was facing a lot of opposition; helped him with arguments; lifted him to the heavens

  39. Hawa • HaaWaawYaa– empty desires; any teaching or message that you did not like; you became arrogant; wanted greatness for yourself • Every time a messenger came to them they either: 1. called him a liar or 2. killed him • You think that your personality and interests are higher than that of the messenger and what he brings

  40. Do our desires match the desires of the Prophet SAW and what he brought from Allah SWT?

  41. AYAH 88 And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped." But, [in fact], Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, so little is it that they believe.

  42. When a person keeps rejecting, he decides that he doesn’t want to accept the truth, then he goes away from the Mercy of Allah.

  43. What do we say when someone tells us a command of Allah and we don’t want to listen to it or act upon it?

  44. Maa • So little is that which the believe… • Over here, the “maa” is extra to give the statement emphasis: • 1. emphasizing the littleness of their belief • 2. very few of them believed • 3. believed in only a small portion of the Torah (incomplete belief) • 4. indicates time; believed for a short time • 5. to imply nothing; they didn’t believe at all

  45. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary with clear proofs and We did certainly give Moses the Book and followed up after him with messengers But is it [not] that every time a messenger came to you with what your souls did not desire And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped." you were arrogant and another party you killed And a party you denied

  46. The scholars of our time are like the messengers of previous nations; look at Muslim history and see how many scholars Muslims have killed

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