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Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great. King Philip of Macedon. Alexander was the son of King Philip II of Macedon, who ruled Macedonia from 359 to 336 BC Philip reorganizes his army after Macedon loses multiple battles. He provides them with a new weapon:.

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Alexander the Great

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  1. Alexander the Great

  2. King Philip of Macedon • Alexander was the son of King Philip II of Macedon, who ruled Macedonia from 359 to 336 BC • Philip reorganizes his army after Macedon loses multiple battles. • He provides them with a new weapon:

  3. The sarissa: a spear which was long 6 meters, about 18 feet. The sarissa, when held upright by the rear rows of the phalanx (there were usually eight rows), helped hide maneuvers behind the phalanx from the view of the enemy. When held horizontal by the front rows of the phalanx, it was a brutal weapon for people could be run through from 20 feet away.

  4. …cont. • Philip and Macedon become a powerful military force throughout all of Greece. • He conquers most of Greece and plans to attack Persia; however, he is murdered at his daughter’s wedding and his dream is now fulfilled by his son, Alexander III.

  5. Macedon at Philips death

  6. Alexander Takes Over • Was born around July 20, 356 B.C.E • Enjoyed drama, the flute/lyre, poetry and hunting • He truly dreamed of glory, rather than easy living and riches • When he was 13, Aristotle from Athens became his personal tutor where he learned philosophy, ethics, politics, and healing. • At the age of 16, he was left in charge of Macedonia while his father gone, and put down a revolt in Maedi, capturing the city and establishing a Greek colony.

  7. Cont…. • It was believed that Alexander was divine b/c his mother Olympias maintained that Zeus was the one who impregnated her, making him the son of Zeus • On coins Alexander minted, he added not only his face, but the face of Hercules(which resembles his own). This spread his message throughout his empire.

  8. Cont. • It was Alexander’s dream to rule over the Persians, just as his father had dreamed • He took his plans into action and conquered the Persians and expanded his empire to East India.

  9. Cont. • He dreamed of United Nations and while many believed foreigners to be inferior or barbarians, he attempted to merge Macedonians and foreigners. • This leads to his eventual downfall which begins when he murderers his best friend for what he considered blasphemy.

  10. …the end… • Finally, Alexander’s troops refused to go any farther into East Asia and they return to Babylon, where Alexander dies of a fever(probably malaria) at age 32. • After his death, his vast empire was almost immediately disintegrated. Several new empires were founded by Alexander’s former military governors.

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