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Reading the Periodic Table

Reading the Periodic Table. A Way Of Classifying and Organizing the Elements. Elements are arranged in rows and columns Rows = Periods Columns = Groups or Families. Columns. There are 18 vertical columns of the periodic table called groups or families .

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Reading the Periodic Table

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  1. Reading the Periodic Table

  2. A Way Of Classifying and Organizing the Elements • Elements are arranged in rows and columns • Rows = Periods • Columns = Groups or Families

  3. Columns • There are 18 vertical columns of the periodic table called groups or families. • Elements in the same group or family have similar characteristics or properties.

  4. Rows • The horizontal rows of the periodic table are called periods • Elements in a period are not alike in properties but they allow the elements in groups to line up and down with similar characteristics • Elements increase in atomic number in the periods

  5. Rows • Metals are on the left • Non-metals are on the right • Atomic mass (number of protons) increases from left to right across a period

  6. Atomic Size • Atomic size decreases from left to right across a period as each successive element has an added proton and electron which causes the electron cloud to be drawn closer to the nucleus

  7. Reading an Element Box

  8. Mass Number

  9. Breaking Down Regions of the Periodic Table

  10. ALKALI METALS • Highly reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature • Malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity • Softer than most other metals • React strongly if they are exposed to water

  11. ALKALINE EARTH METALS • Very reactive metals that do not occur freely in nature (less reactive than family 1) • Malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity • Harder than family 1 metals and do not react easily with water

  12. TRANSITION METALS • Malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat & electricity • Iron, Cobalt, and Nickel, are the only elements known to produce a magnetic field.

  13. RARE EARTH ELEMENTS • Includes elements that are radioactive and those that are man-made, numbers 93 [Np] and higher

  14. “OTHER METALS” • These metals are ductile and malleable • Some of these solid metals have very high density, ex. Lead [Pb]

  15. METALLOIDS(SEMIMETALS) • Metalloids have properties of both metals and non-metals, including a metallic luster, & partial conductivity of heat and electricity • Used in making semi-conductor devices such as computer chips

  16. NONMETALS • Nonmetals do NOT conduct electricity or heat and many are considered insulators against this conduction • Very brittle, and not malleable or ductile

  17. NONMETALS • Nonmetals exist in 3 states of matter at room temperature: solid- carbon, liquid- bromine (a halogen), and gas- nitrogen • Nonmetals have no metallic luster, and do not reflect light.

  18. HALOGENS(NONMETALS) • Halogens are a special group of highly reactive nonmetals • “Halogen" means "salt-former" and compounds made with halogens are called "salts“ • The halogens exist in all three states of matter: solid- iodine, astatine, liquid - bromine, and gas- fluorine, chlorine

  19. NOBLE GASES • Noble gases rarely form compounds with other elements • All exist as gases • Main use is in light bulbs

  20. Now its time to color your own periodic table  Please use your textbooks for a reference

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