Persistent attacks on Packaging Materials Addressing Challenges Together

1. Persistent attacks on Packaging Materials Addressing Challenges Together

2. OVERVIEW • Brief on past to understand pattern of attacks.. • Brief on NGT Case and purviews • AIPMA’s progress • Options with us – view point • Industry wide campaign – originators, users and recyclers • Inputs for campaigns & individual participation • Industry inputs ! • Technical Insights • Common Messages for public • Effect of replacing plastics • Possible forward path

3. Brief of battles … • Several writ-petitions challenging use of Plastic/PET filed since ‘12 by NGOs • Initial cases mainly on use of Plastics in liquor. • Several simultaneous writs in high-courts and finally in Supreme court • After a thrash in courts, an NGO by name Him Jagriti Uttaranchal started pursuing through govt. mechanism • Y2012 raised concern on use of Plastics/PET for packing for liquid oral syrups • This drove to gazette notification seeking ban of Plastics/PET for Pharma • Y2014: case at NGT seeking ban on environmental & leachates from packaging • Succeeded in driving the current court notification. • Strategy seem to be first malign image in the minds of public • Use sentiment to drive authorities for banning plastics

4. NGT …. • Court order which reads as banning “multi-layered plastics / PET” gets through would effect almost all products ! • Toothpastes, cosmetics, toiletries • Beverages • Everything under the sun ? • If the case gets shabbier, may lead to … • Banning of plastics - which could be a mammoth task • May drive for additional duties on polymer packaging • From the sequence of events and feelers, • Competing materials is pursuing these for commercial gains • Looking at perseverance, there could be more surprises! • Need of the hour for connect between all associations / industry • Brand-Owners/Packaging Materials/Raw material manufacturers/Others

5. Recently raised Concerns about PET Packaging • Formaldehyde & Acetaldehyde • DEHP and other Phthalate based plasticizers • PET i.e Polyethylene Terephthalate. • Misunderstood PET contains phthalates {DOP/DEHP} • Antimony • Migration at high temperatures • Colourants • Bisphenol-A • Oestrogenic reactivity Most of the above hazards are wrongly attributed to PET 5

6. AIPMA progress so far • Initial case • Between Union of India & Himjagriti. • Subsequently AIPMA was impeded • Mr. Kundan Mishra, an advocate experienced with cases related to plastic was engaged • Technical Back-up • Professor D.D Kale was engaged for technical inputs. • ICPE • Rendered support on environment related points

8. Common Message that Brands can leave:

9. Advantages - Plastics • Ships MORE with LESS packaging material. • Plastics can extend and enhance: • Freshness, minimizes spoilage and breakage, • Saves energy and Reduces waste.  • Financial status of poor farmers as agro products reach the consumer faster and fresh. • Use of plastics in drip-irrigation • Helped green revolution. • Plastics in healthcare • Allowed the medicines to reach even the remote places in rural area. • Environment-Friendliness • Plastics Packaging has one of the lowest CFP’s

10. Advantages - Plastics • Plastic jars • Can use up to ~90 % less material by weight vs glass counterparts. • Plastic containers • Can use about 38 % less material than similarly sized steel cans. • Plastic or plastic-and-foil composites • An extremely lightweight, flexible packaging can use up to 80 percent less material than traditional bag-in-box packages. In India, about 30% of perishables are lost during transit. Plastic materials help to reduce these transit losses. (Advanced technologies such as MAP etc offer further value-addition)

11. Light-weighting : Source Reduction • 1kg of plastics can deliver roughly 150 liters of beverages, compared to 1.5kg of aluminum, 4kg of steel or more than 20kgs of glass. • Lighter packaging means less fuel is used in shipping. • Plastic bags require less total energy to produce than paper bags and conserve fuel in shipping • One truckload for plastic bags versus seven for paper.

12. Reuse • Plastics packaging’s durability enables  • reusability in storage bins, • sealable food containers and • refillable sports bottles. • Use of tetra packs and similar multilayer packaging material allows • storage of perishable products such as milk over few days • without refrigeration which is very helpful for rural India. • 90 percent of Indian’s report that they reuse plastic bottles. • Energy Conservation and Less CFP’s

13. Recycling • Recycling varies from place to place, but most community curbside programs recycle plastic bottles—many now recycle other plastic containers

14. Recycling By the Numbers GLASS PET • Total Consumption: 700KTA • Total Recycled: 70-75% i.e approx. 500KTA • Total Consumption: 1.2 mn TPA • Total Recycled: 0.86 mn TPA • 1Ton CO2 = 6 Tons of Recycled Glass container • By 2025, • Glass Composition: 2% - 3% • Total Bottles Recycled: 50-75 million • Recycling: • Strapping & Sheet: 2% - 3% • Fibers : 97% - 98% • Eg. Levi’s clothing • By 2025, • Plastic Composition: 4% - 5% SOURCE: GLASS- Glassplex, March-2015

15. Energy recovery Hydrocarbons that make up most plastic packaging are a source of energy. • Replacing plastics with alternative materials would: • Require the use of 57 percent more energy. • Produce 61 percent more greenhouse gas emissions. • Common plastic foodservice products supply more than 16,000 BTUs (similar to big burner on a stove) per kg in a “waste-to-energy” facility.  • That’s approximately twice as much energy per kilo as coal. • Rather than burying this stored energy in landfills, communities can recapture it.

16. Sustainability • Reduction of Greenhouse gas emissions by: • A plastic pouch: • Reduces greenhouse gas emissions by 77 percent compared to a steel can; • Plastic milk • One-third compared to alternatives; • Plastic brick coffee package • 68 to 76 percent compared to a steel can. Source: American Chemical Council

17. Recycling - Advantages • By recycling plastics • Energy is available for new products or for other purposes like heating and cooling our homes. • For example, more than 20million tons of plastics recycling will • Save enough energy to heat more than 2.1 million homes. • Plastic sachets for milk/edible oil/ biscuits/peanuts/jams/jellies/shampoos,.. • Available to poor people in rural India at affordable costs. • 200million people across the globe use PET and tetra packs • For different products across spectrum of end-use sectors.

18. Replacing plastic packaging with non-plastic alternatives for packaging would: • REQUIRE • 4.5 times as much packaging material by weight • INCREASE • The amount of packaging used by nearly 55 million tons. • Energy use by 80 percent equivalent to the energy from 91 Oil supertankers. • RESULT • In 130 percent more global warming potential • Equivalent  to adding 15.7 million more cars to our roads. Some of the food products/drinking water/medicines etc. would not be able to reach poor farmers.

19. Possible Forward Path • Plastic waste management Work • Should be responsibility of municipal corporations. • All stake holders, can offer help in • Developing logistics etc. to the municipal corporation if necessary. • Brands can play an active role in educating the consumers. • Training Programmes to schools • Specific Collection Centers • Linkage with a social cause. • Scope of their CSR initiatives • Media • To work out strategy

20. THANK YOU