The Reproductive System

1. The Reproductive System

2. The male reproductive systme The female reproductive systme Contents

3. Structures of the reproductive systems

4. The male reproductive systme

5. The male reproductive organs Internal genital organs: gonad---testis (睾丸）, ducts ---epididymis （附睾）, ductus deferens （输精管） ejaculatory ducts （射精管） urethra （尿道） accessory glands--- seminal vesicle (精囊腺) prostate (前列腺) bulbourethral glands (尿道球腺) External genital organs: scrotum (阴囊), penis (阴茎)

8. Ⅰ. The testis: • The features of testes--- Paired oval-shaped organs They are in the scrotum (crypart) 2 extremities, 2 surfaces, 2 borders: Posterior border— (mesorchial border) connected with the epididymis Anterior border---

9. The structure of testes:

10. Ⅱ. The Epididymis: • Position:in the scrotum, attached to the posterior borderof the testis • External feature: 3 parts-- • head, • body, • tail • Structure:

11. Ⅲ. The ductus deferens: • the testicular part, • the funicular (spermatic) part, • inguinal part, • pelvic part:longest part -----ampulla ductus deferentis 输精管壶腹

12. The ductus deferens Pelvic part Inguinal part Funicular part Testicular part

13. Spermatic cord: • --- soft round rope • --- upper extremity of the testis → deep ring of inguinal canal • --- main structure : • ductus deferense, • testicular artery • pampiniform plexus of vein • nervous plexus • lymphatic vessels • remnants of vaginal process • --- three tunics : • external spermatic fascia • cremaster muscle • internal spermatic fascia

15. Descending testis

16. Ⅳ.The Ejaculatory duct: • Formation: It’s formed by the union of the end portion of the ductus deferens and the seminal vesicle duct. • Position: It penetrated the base of the prostate, and opened into the prostatic portion of urethra.

18. Ⅴ. The male urethra: • Three parts • prostatic portion • membranous portion • cavernous portion • Three constrictions • internal orifice • membranous portion • external orifice • The three dilations • prostatic portion • bulbar portion of urethra • navicular fossa • The two curvatures • subpubic curvature • prepubic curvature

20. Ⅵ. The prostate • Location in the lesser pelvic. Between the urinary bladder and the urogenital diaphragm; in front of the rectum and posterior to the pubic symphysis • Features--- Chestnut-shaped apex,base, anterior surface, posterior surface (a prostatic sulcus) the urethra passed it • Structure: 5 lobes

25. Ⅷ. The seminal vesicles: • oval sacculated organs • posterior to the fundus of urinary bladder • open to the ejaculatory duct Ⅸ. The bulbourethral gland • in the urogenitaldiaphragm • open to the bulbar portion of urethra

27. External genital organs • Scrotum • Penis

28. Ⅹ.The Scrotum: • 2 layers---skin, • dartos (septum) • contents: testis, • epididymis, • spermatic cord • and its coverings

29. Ⅺ. Penis • External features: 3 parts head (glans) body root • Structures: --- three cavernous bodys （海绵体）: two cavernous bodys of penis one cavernous body of urethra --- albuginea (白膜) of 3 cavernous bodies --- deep fascia of penis --- superficial fascia --- skin * Prepuce (阴茎包皮）: skin is folded * Frenulum Prepuce （包皮系带）

33. The female reproductive systme

34. The Female Genital Organs Internal Genital Organs: • gonad---ovaries (卵巢） • ducts ---uterine tubes （输卵管） • uterus （子宫） • vagina（阴道） • accessory glands--- • greater vestibular gland • 　　　　　（前庭大腺） • External genital organs: • vulva or female pudendum

35. Ⅰ. Ovaries • Location: in the ovarian fossa • Features: two surfaces: lateral and medial • two extremities: • superior and inferior. • two borders: • two ligaments: • suspensory lig. of ovary; • proper lig. ofovary

36. Ovary

38. ② ① ③ ⑥ ⑤ ④ Ⅱ. Uterine tubes: • four parts: • ① infundibulum of uterine tube(漏斗部） • ② ampulla of uterine tube（壶腹部） • ③ isthmus of uterine tube（峡部） • ④ uterine part（子宫部） • two orifices: • ⑤ abdominal orifice（腹腔口） • ⑥ uterine orifice（子宫口）

40. Ⅲ. Uterus: • The portion and relations: --- in the lesser pelvis • --- anteversion（前倾） • --- anteflexion（前屈) • relations • --- anteriorly: • urinary bladder, • vesicouterine pouch • --- posteriorly: • sigmoid colon, • rectum, • rectouterine pouch • --- inferiorly: vagina

41. Anteversion (前倾） Anteflexion (前屈）

45. The features of the uterus: • inverted pear shaped • 3 portions: • the fundus • the body • the cervix--- 2 parts: • supravaginal part • vaginal part isthmus 峡部

46. isthmus

47. Supports of uterus: • ---Broad ligaments • mesovarium　卵巢系膜 • mesosalpinx　输卵管系膜 • mesometrium　子宫系膜 • --- Round ligaments • --- Cardinal ligaments • --- Uterosacral ligaments

50. The round ligaments