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Hearing: The Auditory System

Hearing: The Auditory System. By: Lauren McCord & Kate Pashley. I ntroduction. One of the most important senses Allows communication Receives sounds Interprets speech Picks up several things: Sound’s location Pitch Loudness. How it Works. Separates complex sounds

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Hearing: The Auditory System

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  1. Hearing: The Auditory System By: Lauren McCord & Kate Pashley

  2. Introduction • One of the most important senses • Allows communication • Receives sounds • Interprets speech • Picks up several things: • Sound’s location • Pitch • Loudness

  3. How it Works • Separates complex sounds • By frequencies • 3 Sections: • Outer Ear • Inner Ear • Middle Ear • Sound waves are collected by external ear • Pinna • External Ear Canal

  4. Parts of External Ear and Function • Pinna: • Ear lobe • External Auditory Canal: • Outermost ear canal • Both funnel sound waves to eardrum (tympanic membrane) • Interprets signals by vibrations

  5. Review 1 • How does the auditory system allow us to communicate? • Interpret speech & Receives sounds • How does it separate complex sounds? • By frequencies • What are the 3 sectors of the ear? • Outer Ear, Middle Ear, Inner Ear • What is the Pinna? • Ear lobe • What is another name for ear drum and how does it interpret signals? • Tympanic membrane & vibrations

  6. Middle Ear • Malleus (Hammer) • Hammer shaped bone in the middle ear • Transmits vibrations to the incus • Incus (Anvil) • Anvil shaped bone in the middle ear • Transmits vibrations to the stapes • Stapes (Stirrup) • Stirrup shaped bone in middle ear • Transmits signals to the inner ear

  7. Inner Ear • Oval Window: • Oval opening at the head of the cochlea • Connects middle and inner ear • Round Window: • Allows fluid to move within the cochlea • Cochlea: • Hollow tube in the inner ear • Essential for hearing • Hair Cells- topped with microscopic stereocilia • Convert vibrations to electrical signals • Each responds to different signal • Auditory Nerve: • Delivers hearing information from the cochlea to the brain

  8. Oval Window Round Window

  9. Review 2 • Parts of the middle ear and functions? • Malleus- Transmits vibrations to incus • Incus- Transmits vibrations to stapes • Stapes- Transmits signal to inner ear • Parts and function of the inner ear? • Oval window- connects middle and inner ear • Round window- allows fluid to move within cochlea • Cochlea- hollow tube, essential for hearing • Auditory nerve- gives signals from cochlea to brain • Hair Cells, what do they do? • Convert vibrations to electrical signals

  10. Auditory Cortex • Adjacent neurons tend to respond to tones of similar frequencies • Some respond to pure tones (flute) • Other respond to complex sounds (violin) • Can respond to long or short sounds • Specialized neurons can recognize a certain word or instrument • Sound is perceived on both sides of the brain • For most the left side is specialized for perceiving and producing speech

  11. Path of Sound

  12. Start: Finish:

  13. Review 3 Name Parts of Ear

  14. 3 2 1 Incus 4 Stapes Cochlea Auditory Nerve Ear Drum Malleus 6 5 Pina External Auditory Canal 7 8

  15. ACTIVITY Guess what you are hearing and hearing tests.

  16. Movie • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=215539 • http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=44338

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