Chap 9 Muscle Tissue Intro, pgs 175 - 194

1. Review lecture notes. Review Wrap-up practice questions. Study diagrams discussed today. Chap 9 Muscle Tissue Intro, pgs 175 - 194 Learning Objectives: Compare & contrast the basic types of muscle tissue. Describe the characteristics of each muscle type. 3. Explain the effects of high intensity resistance exercise on skeletal muscle.

2. What Is a Hernia? pg 177 Read about hernias in the “Clinical Application” box on pg 177 in your workbook now. Answers these questions now on this slide. 1. What are 3 different types of hernias? 2. What is a hiatal hernia exactly? 3. What is an umbilical hernia? 4. What is an inguinal hernia?

3. DISCUSSION, pg 176 - 177 Taken from Self-check, Question #1 pg 176 • What are the 3 types of muscle tissue? • Where are they found?

4. Muscle Overview, pg 177 • Three types of muscle tissue: _______, ______________, and ___________. These differ in structure, function, and location. • “Mus” (in the word muscle) means _________________ in Latin • “Myo” or “Sarco” refers to ________

5. Muscle Similarities • Skeletal and smooth muscle cells are elongated and are called _____________. • Muscle contraction depends on two kinds of myofilaments – _____ and _______. • Muscle terminology is similar • Sarcolemma – muscle plasma __________ • Sarcoplasm – __________ of a muscle cell

6. Characteristics of Muscle Tissue • _________ or irritability – the ability to receive and respond to stimuli • _________ – the ability to shorten forcibly • __________ – the ability to be stretched or extended • __________ – the ability to recoil and resume the original resting length

7. Muscle Functions • Skeletal muscles are responsible for all ___________ • ________ muscle is responsible for coursing the blood through the body • ________ muscle helps maintain blood pressure, and squeezes or propels substances (i.e., food, feces) through organs • Muscles also maintain ________, stabilize _______, and generate heat

8. Quick Check 1. What are the 3 types of muscle tissue? 2. Muscles functions include maintaining ________, stabilizing _______, and generating _______

9. Skeletal Muscle • Packaged in skeletal muscles that attach to and cover the bony _________ • Has obvious stripes called _________ • Is controlled _________ (i.e., by conscious control) • Contracts ______ but tires _______ • Is responsible for overall body _________ • Is extremely adaptable and can exert forces ranging from a fraction of an ounce to over __ pounds

10. Skeletal Muscle cont… pg 179 • Each muscle is a discrete ________ composed of muscle tissue, blood vessels, nerve fibers, and connective tissue • The three connective tissue sheaths are: • ____mysium – fine sheath of connective tissue composed of reticular fibers surrounding each muscle fiber • _____mysium – fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers called fascicles • ____mysium – an overcoat of dense regular connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle

11. Page 183 - Label your practice diagram with the 3 connective muscle sheaths (circles in red)plus striations Striations (stripes)

12. Skeletal Muscle Attachments, pg 184 Most skeletal muscles span joints and are attached to bone in at least two places. ______ - the point or mode of attachment of a skeletal muscle to bone or other body part that moves • ________ - end of the muscle that is attached to a bone that does not move when the muscle contracts

13. Muscle Attachment cont… pg 184 Additionally, muscles attach: • __________ to bone via connective tissue wrappings that extend beyond the muscle called ________.

14. Quick Check 1. What are striations? 2. The name of the muscle sheath surrounding the entire muscle? 3. Muscles attach to bone via ________?

15. Smooth Muscle - Composed of spindle-shaped fibers with no _______________ - Have ________________ only (not other connective sheath layers) - Found in walls of hollow organs (except the heart) - Have essentially the same contractile mechanisms as skeletal muscle

16. Cardiac Muscle • Found in the walls of the _________ • Branching chains of cells with __________ • Endomysium is attached to the heart • ___________ control

17. Chap 9 Wrap-Up Practice • List & describe the 4 characteristics of muscle. 2. State the 3 basic functions of muscle.  3. Explain the insertion and origin attachment points on a skeletal muscle (you may want to draw to reinforce your response). 4. Compare and contrast the 3 types of muscle tissue (include whether they are striated or non-striated, voluntary or non-voluntary, and whether they have connective muscle sheaths or not).