Chapter 18 Urban environmental management and practice

1. Chapter 18 Urban environmental management and practice 18.1 Introduction to urban environmental management 18.2 Urban development and urban environmental problems 18.3 The development of urban environmental management 18.4 Urban environmental management system 18.5 The approaches and methods of urban environmental management 18.6 Case study

2. 18.1 Introduction • The substance of urban environmental management： • Conscious self-restraint • By administration, economy, law, education , technology and etc. treatments • Fundamental guarantee for urban sustainable development The characteristics ofurban environmental management • Systematicness • Activity • Prediction • Coordination

3. 18.2 Urban development and urban environmental problems • 18.2.1 The Stage of Urban Development • Stage performance • The problems of the relationship research between economic growth and environmental quality are as followings: ☆The research is focused on national rather than urban • ☆Neglect the problem of ecological environmental which is related to lifestyle. • ☆The research of the evolution in urban ecological environment is every little. • Three general types of urban ecological environment

4. Figure 18-1 The structural characteristics of urban ecological environment problems and the stage model of urban development

5. 18.2.2 Ecological city • O. Yanistky ,a former Soviet urban ecologist proposed five principles of ecological city in 1987 ecological protection The protection of historical culture Ecological basic supporting infrastructure guarantee the standard of residents living integrate natrue into city • Definition of ecological city • Landscape city and garden city

6. Figure 18-2 The composite structure of urban ecological system

7. end treatment of pollution the prevention and control of pollution sources 18.3 The development of urban environmental management • 18.3.1 Urban environment pollution control • 18.3.2 Management of urban ecological environment • Substance: manage Human’s Behavior by themselves in the city. • Aim: Coordinate development of environment and economy to create a good apace which is fit to live and develop ultimately. prevention in the first place, integrating prevention with controlI,integrated control

8. 健康 健康 健康 健康 生态 生态 生态 生态 安全 安全 活力 活力 安全 安全 活力 活力 城市 城市 城市 城市 发展 发展 发展 发展 Figure 18-3 Sustainable development planning concept of urban ecological in Guangzhou

9. environmental policy Identification and evaluation of environmental factors Requirements of rules and regulations Target and index Management scheme operation Training summary monitoring evaluation 18.4 Urban environmental management system 18.4.1 System frame of urban environmental management system Figure 18-4 Inside logical process of environmental management system

10. 18.4.2The policy and principleof urban environmental management • Generally,it should be considered as the following aspects when formulating the environmental policy: • The nature and scale of the urban development’s construction activities • The principle of continuous improvement • The principle of preventing pollution • Urban natural environment and socio-economic condition • Relevant environmental regulations and requirements

11. 18.4.3The system and organization of urban environmental management Figure 18-5 The organization of China urban environmental management

12. 18.4.4 The plan of urban environmental management Urban environmental management Environmental monitoring predictability immediate feedback Figure 18-1 Means ofurban environmental management

13. 18.5The approaches and methods of urban environmental management • 18.5.1Pollutant index management • Pollutant concentration index management • Comprehensive index • Index of classification • Single index • (2) Total emissionsindex management • Control the total emissions • Emission declaration • Totalauditing • Grant of emission certification and temporary emission certification

14. The management of environmental capacity and total emissions The key to implementation of total emissions management is the reasonable distribution and allocate of total emissions. Assume that the environmental capacity of pollutant X in certain area is M, total emissions control means the total emission of the pollutant X is Q, it should be less than or equal to M. If there are n pollution sources in the pollutant X, the emission of each source pollution is Qxi (I = 1,2..., n), the total emissions control should meet the following formula : If the emission of i pollution source is Qxi0 and Qxi1 before and after treatment, the cut amount of i pollution source is . If the treatment expenses of the i pollution source is Cxi, the objective function of regional optimization costs should be:

15. 18.5.2 Comprehensive treatment of urban environment • The principle of comprehensive treatment of urban environment • (2) The main task of comprehensive treatment of urban environment • Set a comprehensive treatment goal • Draw up the comprehensive treatment program correctly • Reform environmental management system • (3) The quantitative estimation of comprehensive treatment of urban environment • The result of comprehensive treatment of urban environment

16. 18.5.3 Eco-efficiency management • Environment management efficiency and environment benefit • The implementation of benefit is based on efficiency • The efficiency of environmental management is equal to environmental benefit/the cost of environmental management • (2) methods to improve the efficiency of environmental management • Government's role in implementation of Eco-efficiency environment management • Reduce the gap of policy between individual and social • Economic method to promote factory or community to save energy and raw material • Special effect can also supply a new implement to eco-efficiency management

17. 18.5.4Informatization inurban environmental management Table 18-2 The main indicators of city-level environmental infomationization construction in Tenth Five- Year Plan.

18. Urban ecological sustainable development planning information integration system (EPIS) of Guangzhou • The aim of EPIS: • Expression the results of planning and make people convenience to use it • Make management persons convenience to find and check the basic information • Establish regulation to data management and ecological construction management • The function of EPIS system is as follows: • Date integration • Information query • Space analysis

19. 18.6 Case study 18.6.1 Urban environmental management system of Xiamen • The guiding ideology of environmental management. figure 18-6 • Environmental management goals • Environmental management indicator • Environmental management organization. figure18-7 • Environmental management policy

20. Figure 18-6 Xiamen Gulanyu

21. Xiamen Environmental Protection Agency office Division of Personnel and Party Affairs Policy and regulation department Pollution control board Supervision and management board Ecological protection board Siming environmental protection sub-bureau Huli environmental protection sub-bureau Jimei environmental protection sub-bureau Haicang environmental protection sub-bureau Tongan environmental protection sub-bureau Xiangan environmental protection sub-bureau environment monitoring central stations environmental supervision central stations scientific research institute of environmental protection environment information center Environmental propaganda and education center management office of egret nature reserve in Lantau Island preparation and construction office of industrial solid wastes management centre Figure 18-7The structure of Xiamen environmental protection agency

22. Thank you!