Eastern/Western Civilization Study Guide

1. Eastern/Western Civilization Study Guide December 16th, 2013

2. Eastern/Western Civilizations Study Guide • The Silk Road • The Indian Ocean Trade Route • Spices • Canavan • Black Sea • A wide variety of Goods and Products including Textiles

3. 7. A wide Variety of Goods including Porcelain and Textiles 8. Improved Transportation and Peace and Stability 9. The Chinese Empire and the Abbasid Empire 10. West Africa, India and Indian Ocean, China and Persia, The middle East, Europe The Baltic Region

4. 11. A hard Translucent yellow, Orange or Brownish yellow fossil resin used for making jewelry and other ornamental objects. 12. Cultural interaction, economy 13. A type of cloth or woven fabric 14. Technology 15. Wheat, Rice and Sugar Cane

5. 16. a large wheel driven by flowing water, used to work machinery or to raise water to a higher level. 17. a building with sails or vanes that turn in the wind and generate power to grind grain into flour. 18. The labor-saving advantages of mills transformed Europe, leading to an explosion in European population, the return of towns and cities, the reemergence of trades and guilds, and the invention of new forms of automation

6. 19. a triangular sail on a long yard at an angle of 45° to the mast. 20. It came from the Indian Ocean Region 21. Buddhism, Korea and Japan 22. Hinduism and Buddhism and Southeast Asia • 23. Monotheism • Allah, Arabic word for God • Quran (Koran) The word of God • Written only in Arabic • Acceptance of Judeo-Christian Prophets • Abraham, Moses, and Jesus • Five Pillars of Islam, from middle east to west Africa and Central and Southeast Asia

7. 24. Printing and Paper Money 25. A mountainous Archipelago with four main islands 26. China and Korea 27. Pictographic Writing, Architecture and Confucianism and Buddhism • 28. Contributed to the social order in China • Belief that humans are good, not bad • Respect for elders • Code of politeness, still used in China today • Emphasis on education • Ancestor worship

8. 29. Shinto is unique to Japan and was the early state religion and coexistence with Buddhism • It was often associated with the Imperial family and worshipped the emperor • The religion has no holy book, but emphasizes ritual cleanliness and many ceremonies in daily life

9. 30. Important aspects of Shinto include: • Shrines at natural geographic locations • Worshipping forces of nature • Loyalty to family and praying to ancestors 31. The emperor 32. Buddhism 33. Africa 34. A Christian Kingdom

10. 35. Meaning stone house served as a Political and religious center of the Kingdom 36. Gold and salt 37. Limited arable land • 38. Pericles and Pericles extended democracy; most • adult males had an equal voice. • Pericles had Athens rebuilt after • destruction in the Persian Wars; the • Parthenon is an example of this • reconstruction.

11. 39. Blend of Greek and oriental elements • Spread of Hellenistic culture through • Trade • 40. Created a civil service Developed a uniform rule of law 41. Constantine

12. 42. Art and architecture: Pantheon, • Colosseum, Forum • 􀁸 Technology: Roads, aqueducts, • Roman arches • 􀁸 Science: Achievements of Ptolemy • 􀁸 Medicine: Emphasis on public health • (public baths, public water systems, • medical schools) • 􀁸 Language: Latin, Romance • languages • 􀁸 Literature: Virgil’s Aeneid • 􀁸 Religion: Roman mythology; • adoption of Christianity as the • imperial religion • 􀁸 Law: The principle of “innocent until • proven guilty” (from the Twelve • Tables)

13. 43. Representative democracy • 􀁸 Assemblies • 􀁸 The Senate • 􀁸 Consuls • 􀁸 Laws of Rome codified as Twelve • Tables