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This report discusses the GA20OX cloning procedure and its effect on alpha-amylase in embryoless seeds. It also addresses questions related to the procedure, volumes, treatments, debris, and absorbance decrease. Additionally, it explores the steps of Western Blot analysis and the SDS-PAGE gel-making process.
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Report • Draw a scheme of the GA20OX cloning procedure.
Question 1: Why do we study the effect of GA on alapha-amylase in embryoless seeds and not on whole seeds? Question 2: Volumes Question 3: Why do we do treatment 4? What is the difference to treatment 3? Question 4: What is the "debris"? Question 5: Why is the decrease in absorbance proportional to the quantity of alpha-amylase in the reaction mixture? Question 6: What do you do if your absorbance in your extract is out of the range of your standard curve?
Steps: 1. SDS-PAGE 2. Transfer to membrane: "Blotting" 3. Detection of proteins
SDS-PAGE SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate PAGE: polyacrylamid electrophoresis
The goal is to separate proteins according to their sizes. How would you do that?
SDS: sodium dodecyl sulfate is a detergent (soap) that can dissolve hydrophobic molecules but also has a negative charge (sulfATE) attached to it http://www.davidson.edu/academic/biology/courses/Molbio/SDSPAGE/SDSPAGE.html
Reductant: DTT: Dithiothreitol B-Mercaptoethanol The reducing agent beaks any cystine (-S-S-) bonds formed between two cysteine residues
Other stuff in the sample buffer: Glycerol Bromphenolblue
Polymerization reaction: radical catalyzed reaction http://www.davidson.edu/academic/biology/courses/Molbio/SDSPAGE/SDSPAGE.html
Polymerization reaction Catalysts: APS: Ammonium persulfate, radical initiator TEMED:N, N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, free radical stabilizer http://www.davidson.edu/academic/biology/courses/Molbio/SDSPAGE/SDSPAGE.html
"Discontinuous" PAGE Low pH (6.8) Low ionic strength Low Acrylamid concentration FAST High pH (8.8) High ionic strength High Acrylamid concentration SLOW
Visualization of proteins on the gel: Coomasie stain
OR do a western blot Proteins are transferred to a protein binding membrane. We will use a nitrocellulose membrane. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) is also commonly used.