Why are we studying this?

3. Why are we studying this? • To learn more about our culture. • To expand our musical vocabulary. • To be able to recognise traditional Scottish instruments and dances when we hear them.

4. How to use this revision material: • For sound examples go to • http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/learnlisteningonline/atozdictionary/index.asp or • http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/nqmusic/concepts/index.asp You can also use http://www.youtube.com/ to find sound clips.

5. The Music of Scotland Features of Scottish MusicWhat makes Scottish music sound Scottish? • Instruments • Melody • Scales • Grace notes • Rhythm

6. Bagpipes Listen to the sound of the bagpipes Pipe Band A pipe band includes drums as well as pipes. Most commonly marching bass drums & snare drums. Listen to the sound of a pipe band

7. Bagpipes • Drones • Chanter • Reed Styles of Bagpipe music • Pipe Band • Pibroch • http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/nqmusic/national5/concepts/pibroch.asp

8. Instruments Fiddle The fiddle, is just a Scottish word for violin. Listen to this example of Scottish fiddle music This fiddle is accompanied by which instrument? This bass – chord, bass – chord style of piano accompaniment is called a vamp. Listen out for it in future excerpts. Accordion The accordion is very much associated with Scottish music. Listen to the sound of an accordion

9. Instruments Clarsach The clarsach is a Scottish harp. It comes in a number of sizes, but is smaller than an orchestral harp. Listen to the sound of the clarsach

10. Clarsach Pedal Harp Clarsachmeans small harp. Notice the difference in height!

11. Instruments Bodhran The bodhran is an Irish wooden drum, held in one hand and played with a wooden beater. It is often used in Scottish folk music. Listen to the sound of the bodhran

12. Modern Folk music Folk music is still very much alive & well Here’s an example of modern folk music Here’s another

13. Celtic Rock A style of music that mixes folk music and rock music together Here’s an example of celtic rock music Here’s another

14. Scottish Dance Music Played by a Scottish Country Dance Band Heard at a Ceilidh Listen to the sound of an Scottish Country Dance Band Click the picture above to view Click the picture above to view

15. Folk Group • A group of two or more musicians who perform music in a traditional style usually accompanied by guitars. Perform traditional music from a particular country e.g. Scotland.

16. Some extra instruments you might hear in Scottish music... • Piano • Guitar • Drumkit or Snare Drum

17. The Scottish Dances • Scotland has a rich dance tradition and dancing requires music! • Ceilidh dancing, Highland dancing, country dancing, Scottish step dancing • March • Strathspey • Reel • Jig • Waltz

18. The Reel A quick dance In Simple time 2/4 or 4/4 ‘Straight’ rhythms (quavers / crotchets etc.) No ‘jumpy’ rhythms Sounds like“Running Reel, Running Reel” Listen to this reel Here’s another one

19. LETS WORK ON RHYTHM!REEL

20. The Jig Another quick dance In Compound time 6/8 ‘Jumpy, Skippy’ rhythms (triplets & ‘dotted-sounding’.) You can hear:“one-and-a-two-and-a” or“skippity-skippity skippity-skippity” Listen to this jig Here’s another Jig

21. JIG

22. The Strathspey A more slow dance (at a walking pace) In Simple time 4/4 The only dance to contain Scotch Snaps Listen to this strathspey Here’s another one

23. STRATHSPEY

24. The Waltz A slow dance In 3/4 time Count “1,2,3 1,2,3” Listen to this waltz Listen to another one

25. WALTZ

26. The March A dance at a ‘marching’ pace Can be in 4/4, 2/4 or 6/8 time Sounds like you could‘march to the strong beat’. Listen to this march Here’s another one

27. ‘Scotland the Brave’ is a march

28. Scottish Dance Quiz! 1– Name the dance being played. 2 – Name both the style of music and the dance being played. 3 – Name the dance being played. 4 – Name the dance being played and the type of group playing. 5 – Name the dance being played and whether the dance is in simple or compound time.

29. Melody Pentatonic Scale The easiest way to find the pentatonic scale is the black notes on a piano keyboard. Grace Notes

30. Rhythm Scotch Snap Ally Bally Bee Strathspey

31. CONCEPTS! • Vamp A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played by piano or guitar. • Scotch Snap A very short accented note before a longer note • Simple Time The music has 2,3 or 4 beats in a bar. Each beat is usually 1 crotchet beat. • Compound Time The beat is divided into groups of 3 pulses. 2 dotted crotchet beats in a bar- 6/8

32. Vamp A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played on piano or guitar.

33. Scotch Snap A very short accented note before a longer note.

34. 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + Simple Time Music has two, three or four beats in each bar. Each beat is usually one crotchet. The first beat of each bar is slightly accented.

35. 1 + a 2 + a Compound Time The beat is divided into 3 pulses.

36. Scottish Vocal Music • used to tell a story • to work to • to dance to • to entertain

37. Waulking song • Working song • Listen for the ‘Thud Thud’ • Call & Response technique • Singing in Unison Listen to this waulking song Listen to another

38. Bothy Ballad • Sung by men • Tales of Farming • Often humorous • Usually unaccompanied Listen to this Bothy Ballad

39. Scots Ballad • Tells a story • Handed down through word-of-mouth • Often through travelling people Listen to this Scots Ballad Listen to another

40. Mouth Music (Puirt-a-beul) • Music to dance to • No instruments (Unaccompanied) • Very rhythmical • Gaelic nonsense words sung in imitation of the sound of bagpipes Listen to this Puirt-a-beul Listen to another

41. Gaelic Psalm Singing • ‘Eerie’ sound • Slow • Congregation follows minister • Singing in Unison Listen to some Gaelic Psalm singing