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Latin Grammar

Latin Grammar. The Ablative of Means (Grammar 3C, p. 172). The Ablative. The ablative has many uses. We first saw it with prepositions. Many prepositions require it. The Ablative with Prepositions. The ablative is required by all prepositions that mean from : ā / ab dē ē /ex cum

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Latin Grammar

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  1. Latin Grammar The Ablative of Means (Grammar 3C, p. 172)

  2. The Ablative • The ablative has many uses. • We first saw it with prepositions. • Many prepositions require it.

  3. The Ablative with Prepositions • The ablative is required by all prepositions that mean from: • ā/ab • dē • ē/ex • cum • sine • in, sub

  4. The Independent Ablative • Then we started learning the independent ablative. • The independent ablative is the term used for the ablative on its own, without a preposition. PREPOSITIONS

  5. The Ablative of Description • The first independent ablative we learned was the ablative of description: mīlesmagnāuirtūte

  6. Ablative of Time • Ablative of time hōc tempore eānocte

  7. Ablative of Means • The independent ablative is used to tell what tool is used to do an action. • We call this the ablative of means. • It is translated with. stilus, -ī, m. = stylus haecfēminastilōscrībit.

  8. Ablative of Means • Latin distinguishes between doing something with a thing as a tool and doing something with a person as a companion. • Doing something with a thing is ablative of means, and no cum(with) is used. haecfēminastilōscrībit.

  9. Ablative of Accompaniment • Doing somethng with a person as a companion requires a cum. • This use is called ablative of accompaniment. in urbemcum Marcōabeo.

  10. Ablative of Accompaniment mīlitēscum Marcō portameffregunt. mīlitēs Marcus

  11. Ablative of Means uirī uirīMarcō portameffregunt. Marcus porta

  12. A Note on Cum • Cum is a preposition and usually goes before nouns: cum Marcō cum uirō cum seruā

  13. A Note on Cum • But with pronouns, cumoften must be attached after the pronoun: mēcum tēcum nōbīscum uōbīscum sēcum quōcum quibuscum

  14. Summary • We have now met three uses of the ablative without prepositions, that is, of the independent ablative: • ablative of description. • ablative of time. • ablative of means.

  15. Summary • The ablative of means does NOT use cum. fēmina stilōscribit. • The ablative of accompaniment uses cum. in urbem cum Marcōabeō

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