SPLA/M

1. The History of Sudanese Conflict The First Sudanese Civil War breaks out in 1955 because the Southerners feel oppressed. Starting in the 1890s, the British controlled Sudan. In 1953, the British turn over The North was under Muslim influence, like neighboring Egypt. Christian and traditional African influence dominated the South. control to the Muslims in the north. SPLA/M In 1972, after 17 years, the war ends with the Addis Ababa Agreement., where the South becomes autonomous . President GaafarNimeiry breaks the Agreement in 1983 for control of oil. He declares all of Sudan an Islamic state. Sudan People’s Liberation Army/Movement is created in 1983 to fight the southern oppression. The Second Sudanese Civil War begins. In 2002, a cease-fire is agreed upon between the north and SPLA/M. Omar al-Bashir becomes president in 1993 with the National Islamic Front. Islamic law is reinforced. Other nations join the fight to help the south. At the Southern Sudanese Independence referendum on July 9, 2011, the South secedes. South Sudan is now ruled by the Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly and President SalvaKiirMayardit. In 2005, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement is signed. The South will be autonomous for six years before a referendum is held to determine secession. Today: Sudan and South Sudan still experience conflict over oil, tribal differences, and interstate trade. Ellie Field Carolyn Messer