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Gilgamesh. Sumerian Flood Myth. Gilgamesh. Oldest story in the world Recorded on 12 clay cuneiform tablets Based on a real king from 2700-2500 BC. Setting. Uruk ( oo rook) Mesopotamia between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Southern Iraq. Epic.
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Gilgamesh Sumerian Flood Myth
Gilgamesh • Oldest story in the world • Recorded on 12 clay cuneiform tablets • Based on a real king from 2700-2500 BC
Setting • Uruk (oo rook) • Mesopotamia between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers • Southern Iraq
Epic • Long narrative poem relating the deeds of an epic hero • Focuses on eternal human problem (good vs. evil)
Two Types of Epics Folk: • Oral composition passed between storytellers • Changes over time with each telling • Ex. Beowulf, Iliad, Odyssey Literary: • Written composition • Unchanged over time • Ex. Aeneid and Paradise Lost
Five Characteristics of an Epic ONE Great leader identified strongly with a particular society and group of people
Five Characteristics of an Epic TWO Setting: large- expands around the world. Often includes supernatural realms (land of the dead)
Five Characteristics of an Epic THREE Hero’s deeds are great either through battle or a journey/quest.
Five Characteristics of an Epic FOUR Gods/supernatural take part in the action
Five Characteristics of an Epic FIVE Language is a heightened/ceremonial style.
Five Epic Conventions ONE Invocation: Asking for help from muse/deity in telling of the story.
Five Epic Conventions TWO In Media Res: The story starts in the middle
Five Epic Conventions THREE Flashbacks: Used to fill in action occurring previously in the story.
Five Epic Conventions FOUR Epic Similes: Extended comparisons relating heroic events to simple, everyday events using: like, as, so, and just so
Five Epic Conventions FIVE Epithet: Descriptive phrase that represents a trait in a person/thing Ex: Odysseus– “Raider of Cities” Harry Potter– “The Boy Who Lived”
Epic Hero • Larger than life– royal birth or a divine source (part god) • Still human with human flaws– goals/ accomplishment sets them apart • Embodies highest ideals of the culture • Goes on a journey/quest for the greatness of self/the society
Epic Hero • Immortality achieved by stories of actions passed on • Overcomes obstacles/sufferings and maintains humanity • Masters human frailties to become great • Connects with “lesser” humans to succeed
Characters • Anu (a-noo)– Father of the gods and god of the sky • Ea (long a, short a)– god of water and wisdom • Enkidu (en-ke-doo)– Gilgamesh’s opponent/friend
Characters • Gilgamesh (Gil-ge-mesh)– “the Lion Spirit”, King of Uruk • Humbaba– giant guarding the cedar forest, killed by Enkidu and Gilgamesh
Characters • Ishtar– goddess of love • Shamash– god of sun • Urshanabi (ur-she-na-be)– ferryman • Uruk (oo-rook)– kingdom of Gilgamesh • Utnapishtim (oot-ne-pesh-tem)– surivor of flood
Characters • Enlil (En-lil’)– God of air, wind, and earth • Siduri (se-doo-re)– goddess of wine/brewing