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San Francisco Zero Waste Policies & Programs. Jack Macy Department of the Environment City and County of San Francisco. San Francisco Statistics. Political Drivers and Structure
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San Francisco Zero Waste Policies & Programs Jack MacyDepartment of the Environment City and County of San Francisco
San Francisco Statistics • Political Drivers and Structure • CA requires 50% LF diversion by 2000 with fines, CA Global Warming Act mandates commercial recycling and other protocols for measuring the carbon value of diverting organics from landfill for digesting or composing, such as using compost to reduced carbon use and emissions from landfill • City & County with Committed Mayor and Board of Supervisor use streamlined decision making to be seem as green policy leaders • Demographics • 850,000 population, 1.3 million day time in 127 sq km, 9842/km2 • Multilingual population - 50% don’t speak English at home • Collection & Facility Service Infrastructure • Private companies for 80 years, now “Recology - Waste Zero”, exclusive permitted collectors (for trash, compostables and most recyclables, not most of C&D) as well as processing SF recyclables and compostables • Variable service rates (PAYT) through city rate review approval process funds collection and processing • In-city recycling processing, regional composting and regional landfill via city transfer station
Generator Incentive: Pay As You Throw Functions Like a Utility Customers: • Pay for Waste… like a Utility... electricity, water or gas… • Residents pay only for trash to landfill • Commercial rates use the business’ diversion % as the discount on the volume-based waste bill, i.e. one black, one blue, one green = 66% discount
San Francisco Zero Waste Policies • 75% Landfill Diversion by 2010 (Achieved 72% diversion for 2007 for ~2 millions total generation) • Zero Waste to landfill or incineration by 2020 • Promote Highest and Best Use of Materials • Require Consumer & Producer Responsibility (EPR) • Achieve UN Urban Environmental Accords (>100 Mayors have signed Accords that include agreeing to set ZW Goal and to reduce use of disposable products by 50%) • Mandatory C&D Recovery (7/06) • Styrofoam Ban (6/07) & Plastic Bag Ban (11/07) • Mandatory Recycling & Composting (10/09)
Tip of the “Wasteberg” Impact Municipal Waste tip of the “wasteberg” Upstream waste produced is 70 times greater than at municipal level
Waste Diversion Protects Climate • Recycling reduces energy use & emissions upstream • Composting/Digestion reduces methane emissions from landfills • Compost use increases storage of carbon in soil & biomass • Compost decreases use of petro-based fertilizers and pesticides, and reduces irrigation saving energy use www.stoptrashingtheclimate.org
San Francisco Greenhouse Gas Emissions Target 12 11 10.8 Business as usual Forecast 10 8.48 8.25 9 7.8 2005 8.5 Kyotol Protocol Million Tons eCO2 8 7.3 7 Adopted Goal 20% below 1990 6 5 4 1990 2000 2005 2012 Year 2.5 million tons eCO2/year reduced by 2012
In 2002 we projected programs will reduce 302,000 tons eCO2 per year toward ghg reduction goal by 2012 Results will be much higher by achieving 75% diversion through: • Increased Recycling • Increased Composting • Increased Construction and Demolition Recovery
SF Highest & Best Use Food Diversion • Edible Food Donation • Delivered to meal programs via Food Banks • Animal Feed • Picked-up by farmers or via processor for feed production • Rendering • Grease & meat productsprocessed into tallow & animal feed • On-site Composting • By residents, schools, colleges and universities for on-site soils • Large Scale Composting • Curbside collection to large scale processinginto compost • Digestion into Gas or Converting to BioDiesel • Collection and centralized digestion into biogas energy • FOG (fats, oil & grease) processed into Biodiesel
FOG (Fat, Oil & Grease), Meat & Bones Rendered Into Animal Meal & Tallow
Composting & Recycling Collection Designed For High Diversion Food Scraps20% Recyclable Paper21% Glass and Plastic Aluminum and Steel 5% Plant Trimmings5% Compostable Paper& Fiber 10% Construction and Demolition Waste30% Other10% All % numbers by weight or tons
Three Stream Collection Program for Residents and Businesses
Recyclable Paper, Glass Bottles, Metal Cans, & All Rigid Plastics
Recyclables & Trash Collected Using Dual Compactors Weekly For Residents
Commercial Recycling & Composting Collection With Many Bin Options and Frequency of Collection Up to Daily
Fully Commingled Recycling Collection in Offices With Desk-side 7 Lt Blue Bins with <3 Qtr Black Trash Caddy
Material Recovery Facility (MRF) Sorts Mixed Recyclables For Shipping to Markets
3 Single Stream & 2 Mixed Commercial Lines for over 1200 tpd
Mixed Commercial Line, With Less Containers, May Sort White Paper
Paper & Metals to Asian Markets, Glass Regional & Plastic Regional/Asian Markets
Compostables Collected with Single Chamber Compactors - Weekly For Residents & Up to Daily for Businesses
Side Loading Hopper Good For Monitoring And Quality Control “Love Note” feedback to stop contamination
Allow Only BPI Certified & Labeled or an equivalent for Standard Specification for Compostable Plastics (ASTM D6400)
To Increase Participation, Compostable Kitchen Pail Bags Were Provided as Samples and We Got Stores to sell them
Neighborhood Door to Door Outreach Campaign. SF Environment Staffand Volunteers offer kitchen pail type and bag options and education
Apartment Chutes Create Obstacles to Sorting – City Exploring 3 Way Systems
Get Management Support with Rate Incentives, On-site Technical & Material Assistance & Multilingual Training
Multi-lingual And Photo Image Poster Used for Commercial Training and Bin Signage