1 / 17

The Carbon Family

The Carbon Family. Alex M. Chrissy B. Tim S. DJ. Introduction to the Carbon Family. The elements in the Carbon Family are Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, and Lead, and also Ununquadium. They are classified as… Metals- Tin and Lead Nonmetals- Carbon

preston-bishop
Download Presentation

The Carbon Family

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Carbon Family Alex M. Chrissy B. Tim S. DJ

  2. Introduction to the Carbon Family • The elements in the Carbon Family are Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, and Lead, and also Ununquadium. • They are classified as… Metals- Tin and Lead Nonmetals- Carbon Metalloids- Silicon and Germanium

  3. History of the Carbon Family • Today carbon, tin and lead are some of the worlds most well known elements. • Carbon was discovered in charcoal and has been developed since the 19th century. • Silicon was first obtained pure in 1824 by Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius. Though impure silicon was obtained in 1811. Far before (at least 1500 BCE) it was recorded on the p-table. It was being used for things like jewelry by the Egyptians.

  4. History of the Carbon Family • Germanium was one of three elements predicted by Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev. This was when he first devised his periodic table. • It was finally identified in 1886. • Origins of tin seem to be lost in history, but it was believed to be founded between 300–200 BCE.

  5. Carbon • Carbon occurs in all living organisms. • There are three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, and 14C being radioactive. • Carbon can be found in rocks as carbonates of calcium (limestone), magnesium, and iron. The atmosphere of Mars contains 96 % CO2.

  6. Silicon • Is a tetravalent metalloid. • In 1824, Silicon was discovered prepared and characterized in the pure form. • It is most widely distributed in dusts, sands, planetoids, and planets as different forms of silicon dioxide (silica) or silicates. • Physical properties: Phase: solid Density is 2.3290 g·cm−3 Liquid density is at m.p. 2.57 g·cm−3 • It’s melting point is 1687 K, 1414 °C. • While it’s boiling point is 3538 K, 3265 °C. • Today silicone is used in white ware ceramics such as porcelain, and in traditional quartz-based soda-lime glass.

  7. Germanium • Unlike silicon, it is too reactive to be found naturally on Earth in the free state. • Germanium is not thought to be an essential element for any living organism. Some complexes organic germanium compounds are being investigated as possible pharmaceuticals but none has had success.

  8. Germanium Symbol: Ge Atomic number: 32 Atomic weight: 73 amu Group in periodic table: 14 Period in periodic table: 4 Block in periodic table: p-block Classification: Semi-metallic Melting point: 938.3 °C or 1211.3 K Boiling point: 2820 °C or 3093 K

  9. Tin • Tin resists distilled, sea, and soft tap water, but is attacked by strong acids, alkalis, and acid salts. Oxygen in solution accelerates these attacks. • When heated in air, tin forms SnO2. It is, or was, used to plate steel, making "tin cans". Tin is used as one component in bell metals.

  10. Tin Symbol: Sn Atomic number: 50 Atomic weight: 118.710 amu Group in periodic table: 14 Period in periodic table: 5 Block in periodic table: p-block Classification: Metallic Melting point: 231.93 °C or 504.93 K Boiling point: 2602 °C  or 2876 K

  11. Lead • Lead is a soft and flexible, heavy metal. • Lead (Pb)- Atomic # 82 • 6p (2) • It’s standard atomic weight is 207.2 amu. • It’s electron configuration is 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2. • Melting Point: 600.61 K, 327.46 degrees C, 621.43 degrees F • Boiling Point: 2022 K, 1,749 degrees C, 3,180 degrees F • Density: 11.34 g cm (-3) Liquid Densty: 10.66 g cm (-3) • It is a solid.

  12. History of Lead • Lead is commonly used. • Its been dated back thousands of years. • “It’s widespread, easy to extract and easy to work with.” • Though it’s very malleable and also ductile and is easy to smelt. • Metallic lead beads have been found from in modern-day Turkey all the way back to 6400 BCE. During the early Bronze Age, lead was used with antimony and arsenic.

  13. Uses of Lead Lead bricks being used to shield a radioactive sample (Cs-137). Lead pipe in Roman baths Multicolor lead-glazing in a sancai ceramic cup, China- 8th century CE. Roman lead water pipes with taps

  14. Ununquadium • Symbol: Uuq • Atomic number: 114 • Atomic weight: 289 amu • Standard State: presumably a solid • Periodic Table Group: 14 • “ “ Period: 7 • “ “ Block: p • Appearance Classification: Metallic • *Note: Most information is still unknown.

  15. Basic Info on Ununquadium • Element114 was reported in January of 1999 after some experiments that took place in December 1998 that involved scientists at Dubna (Joint Institute for Nuclear Research) in Russia. That purposively used isotopes supplied by scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, USA. Only one atom was ever identified and has yet to be ratified. The results suggest Ununquadium will not form a tetrafluoride UuqF4, but could be isolated as a water-soluble difluoride UuqF2.

  16. This is a video we found on the internet. http://youtu.be/VXJfs7RKP9g?t=6s

  17. Sources http://www.scienceclarified.com/Ca-Ch/Carbon-Family.html http://www.ptable.com/ http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lead&printable=yes http://www.webelements.com/ununquadium/

More Related