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Presenters: Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo

Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Sub - Saharan Africa: Post Primary Education. Presenters: Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo. Why PPE?. Demand factors: Social aspirations/expectations Supply factors: Economic and political rationale. Why now?. The context:

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Presenters: Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo

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  1. Challenges and Approaches to Expanding Learning Opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa: Post Primary Education Presenters:Wim Hoppers and Steven Obeegadoo

  2. Why PPE? • Demand factors: Social aspirations/expectations • Supply factors: Economic and political rationale

  3. Why now? The context: ›The EFA thrust : mobilization/financing/monitoring • Progress towards UPE: 80.8m (1999) → 109.6m (2005) • Impact on Sec. Ed.: 21.4m (1999) → 33.2m (2005) • Impact on Tertiary Ed.: 2.1m (1999) → 3.5m (2005) ›Runaway population growth!

  4. What next? • Do we take charge or do we allow events to take charge?!!

  5. Moving beyond primary education What responses have emerged? • from ‘primary’ to expanded ‘basic education’ • extending length of basic education to 9-10 years for all • expanding scope of basic education • integration of education and skills development • diversifying pathways of learning for access and completion: formal / non-formal / open learning / distance / faith-based, etc. • distinction between basic education and post-basic education (PBE)

  6. Implications for a new perspective • focus on competencies as outcomes of learning • range of provisions involving many different partners • MOE no longer sole provider because of decentralisation and privatisation; more focus on coordination, support, supervision and quality control • major concern for vertical and horizontal articulation: the ‘ladders and bridges’ • increased use of remedial and second chance education • more emphasis on equivalence, validation of learning, credit transfers, and qualifications frameworks

  7. Guiding concepts and principles • recognition of equity of access and of outcomes • combining PPE agenda with completing unfinished business of UPE • recognition of diversity and complexity in the education system • moving towards holistic + integrative approach to PPE development • more balancing of quantity with quality and relevance • ‘quality’ less in academic terms, and more in terms of socio-economic relevance • emphasis on equity and cost-effectiveness • balancing private demand with economic opportunities

  8. Challenges for Governance in PPE • Grounding PPE expansion in African realities??? • Education + economics : a powerful mix! • Ministries for Education and Training- how many do we need? • Priority to UPE v/s Focus on UBE + attention to TVET & HE? • Can the state go it alone? • Quantity or Quality… which comes first? • Build consensus & carry through reforms:what does it take? • Institutional development + capacity building for sustainability….but how?

  9. PPE expansion and the sustainable funding dilemma • Increasing cost efficiency of present educational spending? • Increasing public funding for PPE? • Generating more non-government local funding: PPPs? • Scaling up development assistance for PPE?

  10. More of the same?Or Expansion as Transformation? Reaching out to the excluded: Rural/Poor/ Girls.. >Targeting i. The unschooled, ii. The drop-outs, iii the inadequately schooled? From the traditional elitist system to an inclusive mass basic education + needs-driven TVET and HE: Do we have what it takes?

  11. Expected outcomes Have we gained • Awareness of changing realities? • Increased understanding through shared experiences? • More of a common vision about changes needed? • An evidence-based framework for policy and practice? • How to bring about change at national level? • Commitment to new partnerships?

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