1 / 55

High Speed Optical Networks: An Evolution of Dependency November 2, 2001

High Speed Optical Networks: An Evolution of Dependency November 2, 2001. Todd Sands, Ph.D WEDnet Project www.wednet.on.ca University of Windsor. The result of an event in time that slows the transport or processing of information E.g. Machine (processing) latency in microsecs (n =1.2)

preston
Download Presentation

High Speed Optical Networks: An Evolution of Dependency November 2, 2001

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. High Speed Optical Networks:An Evolution of Dependency November 2, 2001 Todd Sands, Ph.D WEDnet Project www.wednet.on.ca University of Windsor

  2. The result of an event in time that slows the transport or processing of information E.g. Machine (processing) latency in microsecs (n =1.2) E.g. Network latency in millisecs (x < 130 ms) Optical transport max. = 300,000 km/sec Physical parameters of the transport media Convergence of voice, image and data in the path Switched cells and packet network behaviours Potential of WDM optically switched and SONET architectures Latency

  3. Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data-link Physical When two computers communicate on a network, the software at each layer on one computer assumes it is communicating with the same layer on the other computer. e.g. For communication at the transport layers, that layer on the first computer has no regard for how the communication actually passes through the lower layers of the first computer, across the physical media, and then up through the lower layers of the second computer. OSI Reference Model – Networking 101

  4. Do we know the effects of latency! • Suspect that the answer is yes! We see it every day! • No. of processors, power requirements, processing capability, storage capacity, and the needs of research that use most facilities can be intensive. • HPCS resources supplied and funded through a needs-based process, but this can also be because of research • What about a GRID? Is it on the same path? • Are we mindful of details, such as latency…with respect to one of the most fundamental parts of the GRID… THE NETWORK • Do we know how computing resources connect to the outside world?…Maybe… • Do we have any control over the “extranet”?

  5. Primary Network Interface To Machine Resources These switches provide Ethernet to ATM SONET WAN interfaces for TCP/IP traffic

  6. Frames – used for larger data amounts over high-speed, low error rate links 2,000 – 10,000 characters in size Data corrections not link by link Therefore link by link error checking impacts network latency greatly Packets – used for smaller data amounts across lower speed, high error rate links 128 – 256 (bytes) characters in size Lower chances of error in each packet, small amounts re-transmitted Prioritization through tagging of packets leads to QoS Cells – very small amounts of data with sometimes no error checking Highly reliable optical networks sometimes with no error checking Up to 48 - 53 (bytes) characters in size Small size allows for load balancing of traffic on network No payload in cells, no transmission - full payload, then transmission Uses ATM Adaptation Layers – AAL’s 1-5 for shaping the network PACKETS VS. CELLS VS. FRAMES

  7. OC-1/STS-1 51.84 Mbps OC-3 155.52 Mbps OC-12 622.08 Mbps OC-48 2,488.32 Mbps OC-192 9,953.28 Mbps OC-768 39,813.12 Mbps Optical Carrier Designations

  8. digital hierarchy based on Optical Carriers (OC’s) maximum t-speed of 39.81312 Gbps defines a base rate of 51.84 Mbps = STS-1s OC’s are multiples of the t-speed defines Synchronous Transport Signals – STS’s and STS-3c = OC 3 = 155 Mbps SONET

  9. SONET carries 8,000 frames per second, 810 characters in size (36 characters of overhead and 774 characters of payload Section Overhead includes: STS channel performance monitoring Data channels for management such as channel monitoring, channel administration, maintenance functions and channel provisioning Performs functions necessary for repeaters, add drop multiplexers (ADMs), termination gear, and digital access and cross connect systems (DACS) Line Overhead includes: STS-1c performance monitoring Data channel management, payload pointers, protection switching information, line alarm signals, and far-end failure to receive indicators In addition to these overheads there are also Path overheads Overheads

  10. WDM multiplies (up to 32 more times) the capacity of existing fibre spans – cross (wide)-band, narrow band or dense band transmission options DWDM Red waves 1550, 1552, 1555 & 1557 nm DWDM Blue waves 1529, 1530, 1532& 1533 nm Now can support 100 wavelengths with each wavelength supporting a channel rate of up to 10 Gbps Optical Wave Division

  11. Local Area Access Architectures 1-Meg or xDSL Modem Services in Communities Alternate Carrier MANs also Interface Central CO for Access Nodes Access Routers Off Ramps -WDM PVCs – on carriers network 1000 Mb GbE GbE ATM Network – OC12-OC48 Router 1 M M OC-12 ATM GbE 1 M M Grid Access Node – GigaPoP? System Processors and Interfaces 100 Mb- 1Gb • All PVCs (SVCs or PVPs) usually terminate on 1 or more Centralized Access Routers • Most carrier PVCs are UBR with access at minimum OC48 speeds 2.4 Gb/sec • Backbone may be optically switched with P.O.S on wavelengths using TCP/IP as the main transport protocol but getting direct access to it is the key! • Direct access will also minimize latency and the synergistic effects of latency

  12. What does a 5 minute average measurement show us with MRTG?

  13. IP IP PPP PPP PPPOE L2TP PPPOE L2TP Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet UDP UDP IP IP LLC/SNAP(1483) LLC/SNAP(1483) LLC/SNAP(1483) LLC/SNAP(1483) AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 AAL5 SAR SAR SAR SAR ATM ATM ATM ATM ATM SONET/SDH 10BaseT 10BaseT SONET/SDH SONET/SDH SONET/SDH 1MM QAM 1MM QAM SONET/SDH Network Protocol Stack Models (WAN with IP) Ethernet Switch (Catalyst) Network (ATM) LAC (SMS-1000) 1MM DBIC 1MM PC LNS

  14. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making a Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  15. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making a Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  16. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making a Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  17. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Codec Negotiation WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  18. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Successful Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  19. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making an ISDN Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  20. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making an ISDN Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  21. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making an ISDN Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  22. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Making an ISDN Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor

  23. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing WRH Western V-Room V-Room Campus LE25 LE25 HDGH LE25 OC3 S D FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF IBM 8274 9 slot FVC V-room OC3 P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University DEC Gigaswitch of 18 gbps Windsor Video Television Codec Negotiation Leamington District Memorial Hospital Centrex module

  24. Video Video Television Television WEDnet uses WUC as a carrier such as a Bell or METROnet with core gear LS1010 and 7200 series for ATM and IP routing V-Room V-Room LE25 LE25 S D IBM 8274 9 slot Successful Call WRH Western Campus HDGH LE25 OC3 FVC VGATE 25 Mb ATM LE 25 SMF FVC V-room P-Tel Video Dial - up Shared H.261 ISDN University of Windsor Video Television Leamington District Memorial Hospital Centrex module

  25. AT&T and Regional Gigapop IP Architecture CA*net3 AT&T Gigapop iBGP BGP ATM /w SVC AT&T Route Server iBGP Regional IGP OCRINet /wOHI AT&T Network SureNet WEDNet iBGP iBGP ATM interconnectivity Regional IGP Regional IGP Router / RFC1577 Client CA*Net AS iBGP LAN interconnect AT&T AS iBGP Bhavani Krishnan

More Related