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You’ll probably want to memorize this number!

Converting from particles to moles. One mole of any substance is 6.02 x 10 23 particles of that substance (this is named in honor of Amadeo Avogadro, thus is called “Avogadro’s number”). You’ll probably want to memorize this number!. Representative particles .

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You’ll probably want to memorize this number!

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  1. Converting from particles to moles • One mole of any substance is 6.02 x 1023particles of that substance (this is named in honor of Amadeo Avogadro, thus is called “Avogadro’s number”) You’ll probably want to memorize this number!

  2. Representative particles For an element, the representative particle is an atom For an ionic compound, the representative particle is a formula unit (sometimes we also look at the number of ions – then we must look at the number of ions in the formula unit) For a molecular compound, the representative particle is a molecule

  3. How do you know what type of substance is present? It’s easy to recognize an element – • a substance that isn’t combined with anything else • If you see just an element symbol - the representative particle is an atom

  4. Diatomic elements • 7 elements are diatomic (2 atoms bonded together) when they are NOT combined in a compound with other elements • Memorize these seven elements! • Their representative particle is a molecule, NOT an atom. • O2 oxygen • H2 hydrogen • N2 nitrogen • F2 fluorine • Cl2 chlorine • Br2 bromine • I2 iodine

  5. Recognizing Ionic or Molecular Compounds It’s easy to recognize an ionic compound – • two (or more) ions are chemically bonded together • look for metals that are combined with nonmetals. • Find the stairstep line on your periodic table – metals are to the left of the line nonmetals are to the right • A compound that is NOT ionic is molecular

  6. Examples How many moles of Fe are present in 2.49 x 1024 atoms of Fe? (how do we know the particles are atoms?) 1 mole Fe = 6.02 x 1023 atoms 2.49 x 1024 atoms x 1 mole Fe = 4.14 mol Fe 6.02 x 1023 atoms

  7. Example How many moles of water are present in 3.55 x 1023 molecules of H2O? (how do we know the particles are molecules?) 3.55 x 1023 molecules x 1 mole H2O = 0.590 mol H2O 6.02 x 1023 molecules

  8. Example How many moles of KCl are present if you have 3.04 x 1024 formula units of KCl? (remember, the formula unit KCl is made up of potassium ions and chloride ions) 3.04 x 1024 formula units x 1 mole KCl = 5.05 mol KCl 6.02 x 1023 formula units

  9. Example How many moles are present in 3.25 x 1023 molecules of H2? (how do we know they are molecules?) 3.25 x 1023 molecules x 1 mole H2 = 0.540 mol H2 6.02 x 1023 molecules

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