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Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Syphilis

Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Syphilis. Jonathan B. Ndzi IAWG, Nairobi October 9, 2007. Magnitude of syphilis. MDGs involved. Reduce child mortality Improve maternal health Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases. Laboratory Diagnosis. Blood serum for antibodies detection

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Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Syphilis

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  1. Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Syphilis Jonathan B. Ndzi IAWG, Nairobi October 9, 2007

  2. Magnitude of syphilis

  3. MDGs involved • Reduce child mortality • Improve maternal health • Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

  4. Laboratory Diagnosis • Blood serum for antibodies detection • Non-specific: non-treponemal tests (lipoidal antibody) • Rapid Plasma Reagin RPR • Venereal Disease Reference Laboratory VDRL • Specific: treponemal tests • Treponema pallidum HemAgglutination assay TPHA • FTP-ABS • Treponema pallidum Particle Agglutination assay TPPA

  5. Non-Treponemal Vs Treponemal tests Non-Treponemal • Simple, cheap • Distinguish between active and non active infections • Require electricity, refrigeration, trained personnel • Need for serum • False positives • False negatives with excess antibody (prozone effect) Treponemal • Simple • uses whole blood/ serum/ plasma • Transport at temp.<30 C • No prozone effect • Long lasting antibodies

  6. Rapid Diagnostic Tests Advantages • No trained technical staff • No refrigeration • No electricity • Immediate results • Highly specific and sensitive • Emergencies for Antenatal screening and blood transfusion Disadvantages • No distinction between new and treated infection • Some results are not consistent with batches • False positives with other treponemes (yaws & pinta)

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