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The Five Themes of Geography

The Five Themes of Geography. What is Geography?. Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it!. What is a “THEME”?. …it is the topic /idea Geography is a BIG subject! We will divide geography into 5 different THEMES/topics. What is the purpose of the 5 themes?.

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The Five Themes of Geography

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  1. The Five Themes of Geography

  2. What is Geography? Geography is the study of the earth and everything on it!

  3. What is a “THEME”? …it is the topic/idea Geography is a BIG subject! We will divide geography into 5 different THEMES/topics

  4. What is the purpose of the 5 themes? • The 5 Themes of Geography were developed as a method for studying geography. • The themes help us categorize/organize geographic information Geography = noun Geographic = adjective

  5. The 5 themes of Geography:

  6. THEME 1: LOCATION • Question investigated/examined: Where is it? Two categories of location: • Absolute location • Relative location

  7. Absolute Location • A specific place on the Earth’s surface • Uses a grid system • Latitude and longitude (global address)

  8. Relative Location • Where a place is in relation to another place • Uses directionalwords to describe

  9. THEME 2: PLACE Question investigated: What is it like? • The 2 categories are: • 1. physical places • 2. Human places

  10. Physical Place • Physicalcharacteristics of the environment • Eg. Resources, climate, landforms, water features, natural vegetation, wildlife… • Note: anything distinct and comes from nature!

  11. Human (cultural) Place • Humancharacteristics of a place • Eg. Occupations, recreation, settlement types and patterns, political, economic, religious beliefs, ideas, language…etc • Note: features must be distinctive and manmade!

  12. THEME3: HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION • Question investigated: • How does the physical place influence/affect human activities? • How do human activities influence/affect the physical place? Two Categories of interaction. . . • Human adaptation (root word = adapt/adjust) • Human alteration (root word = alter/change) http://www.fotosearch.com/comp/corbis/DGT119/BAG0017.jpg

  13. Human Adaptation • Humans adapt to their environment • Examples: adapt to climate (shelter, clothes…)

  14. Human Alteration • Humans alter their natural environment using technology

  15. THEME 4: MOVEMENT • Question investigated: How do people, goods and ideas move from place to place? • Two categories of interaction. . . • Material movement (can see) • Non-material movement (cannot see)

  16. Material Movement • This involves obvious movement using land, water, or air vehicle • Example: Moving people, animals, or other material things

  17. Non-Material Movement • This involves less obvious forms of movement Examples: • movement of energy and information through electric wires • Movement of ideas/beliefs from one place/culture to another

  18. THEME 5: REGION • Question investigated: What areas have unifying/common features? • We identify ‘areas’/’regions’ according to the existence of unifying/common features • Three categories of region. . . • Formal region • Functional region • Vernacular region (skip)

  19. Formal Regions Many features can be used to define regions ‘formal regions’ Formal regions share one or a number of unifying/common features. • Eg. Landform, climate, language, politics, religion, culture…etc Formal regions include… • Landform regions (eg. Mountain areas, flat lands) • Political regions (eg. provinces, countries, cities) • Cultural regions (eg. Chinatown, Little India) • Language regions (eg. French neighbourhood) • Note: one region may various common features…  80% speak French as their first language  85% are practicing Roman Catholic Christians  This area is in a mountainous area

  20. Functional Regions Functional regions are defined by a function (an interactive system). The defining characteristics are the interconnected parts. • Example: newspaper service area, cell phone coverage area, urban area (CBD), ecosystems (natural functional region)

  21. Vernacular Regions Vernacular regions are defined by ordinary people’s (subjective) perceptions. These perceptions reflect their feelings and images about places. • Eg. ‘the south’, ‘the west’…

  22. …remember all 5 themes! Mr. Help! • M Movement • R Region • HE Human Environment Interaction • L Location • P Place

  23. ACTIVITY: Describe a place you love by addressing all 5 themes of geography.

  24. location CHINATOWN • region

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